Print Colors in Python terminal

Difficulty Level : Hard
Last Updated : 22 Oct, 2020

There are several methods to output colored text to the terminal, in Python.The most common ways to do are:

Using built-in modules

‘colorama’ module : Cross-platform printing of colored text can then be done using Colorama’s constant shorthand for ANSI escape sequences:
Example 1:

# Python program to print 
# red text with green background 
  
from colorama import Fore, Back, Style 
print(Fore.RED + 'some red text') 
print(Back.GREEN + 'and with a green background') 
print(Style.DIM + 'and in dim text') 
print(Style.RESET_ALL) 
print('back to normal now') 

Output:

Example 2:

# Python program to print 
# green text with red background 
  
from colorama import init 
from termcolor import colored 
  
init() 
  
print(colored('Hello, World!', 'green', 'on_red')) 

Output:

‘termcolor’ module : termcolor is a python module for ANSII Color formatting for output in terminal.

# Python program to print 
# colored text and background 
import sys 
from termcolor import colored, cprint 
  
text = colored('Hello, World!', 'red', attrs=['reverse', 'blink']) 
print(text) 
cprint('Hello, World!', 'green', 'on_red') 
  
print_red_on_cyan = lambda x: cprint(x, 'red', 'on_cyan') 
print_red_on_cyan('Hello, World!') 
print_red_on_cyan('Hello, Universe!') 
  
for i in range(10): 
    cprint(i, 'magenta', end=' ') 
  
cprint("Attention!", 'red', attrs=['bold'], file=sys.stderr) 

Output:

Using ANSI Escape Codes

The most common way to print colored text is by printing ANSI escape sequences directly. This can be delivered in different formats such as:

Build Functions to call : We can build functions to call particular color named functions to execute the relevant ANSI Escape Sequence.

# Python program to print 
# colored text and background 
def prRed(skk): print("\033[91m {}\033[00m" .format(skk)) 
def prGreen(skk): print("\033[92m {}\033[00m" .format(skk)) 
def prYellow(skk): print("\033[93m {}\033[00m" .format(skk)) 
def prLightPurple(skk): print("\033[94m {}\033[00m" .format(skk)) 
def prPurple(skk): print("\033[95m {}\033[00m" .format(skk)) 
def prCyan(skk): print("\033[96m {}\033[00m" .format(skk)) 
def prLightGray(skk): print("\033[97m {}\033[00m" .format(skk)) 
def prBlack(skk): print("\033[98m {}\033[00m" .format(skk)) 
  
prCyan("Hello World, ") 
prYellow("It's") 
prGreen("Geeks") 
prRed("For") 
prGreen("Geeks") 

Output:

Build a class of colors : Create a class to allot background and foreground colors and call them.

# Python program to print 
# colored text and background 
class colors: 
'''Colors class:reset all colors with colors.reset; two  
sub classes fg for foreground  
and bg for background; use as colors.subclass.colorname. 
i.e. colors.fg.red or colors.bg.greenalso, the generic bold, disable,  
underline, reverse, strike through, 
and invisible work with the main class i.e. colors.bold'''
    reset='\033[0m'
    bold='\033[01m'
    disable='\033[02m'
    underline='\033[04m'
    reverse='\033[07m'
    strikethrough='\033[09m'
    invisible='\033[08m'
    class fg: 
        black='\033[30m'
        red='\033[31m'
        green='\033[32m'
        orange='\033[33m'
        blue='\033[34m'
        purple='\033[35m'
        cyan='\033[36m'
        lightgrey='\033[37m'
        darkgrey='\033[90m'
        lightred='\033[91m'
        lightgreen='\033[92m'
        yellow='\033[93m'
        lightblue='\033[94m'
        pink='\033[95m'
        lightcyan='\033[96m'
    class bg: 
        black='\033[40m'
        red='\033[41m'
        green='\033[42m'
        orange='\033[43m'
        blue='\033[44m'
        purple='\033[45m'
        cyan='\033[46m'
        lightgrey='\033[47m'
  
print(colors.bg.green, "SKk", colors.fg.red, "Amartya") 
print(colors.bg.lightgrey, "SKk", colors.fg.red, "Amartya") 

Output:

Iterating functions : We can design iterating & self generating ANSI Escape sequence, functions.

# Python program to print 
# colored text and background 
def print_format_table(): 
    """ 
    prints table of formatted text format options 
    """
    for style in range(8): 
        for fg in range(30, 38): 
            s1 = '' 
            for bg in range(40, 48): 
                format = ';'.join([str(style), str(fg), str(bg)]) 
                s1 += '\x1b[%sm %s \x1b[0m' % (format, format) 
            print(s1) 
        print('\n') 
  
print_format_table() 

Output:

This article is contributed by Amartya Ranjan Saikia. If you like GeeksforGeeks and would like to contribute, you can also write an article using contribute.geeksforgeeks.org or mail your article to contribute@geeksforgeeks.org. See your article appearing on the GeeksforGeeks main page and help other Geeks.

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