Print all possible combinations of the string by replacing ‘$’ with any other digit from the string

Difficulty Level : Easy
Last Updated : 01 Jun, 2021

Given a number as a string where some of the digits are replaced by a ‘$’, the task is to generate all possible number by replacing the ‘$’ with any of the digits from the given string.
Examples:

Input: str = “23$$”
Output:
2322
2323
2332
2333
Input: str = “$45”
Output:
445
545

Approach:

Find all the combinations of the string by replacing the character $ with any of the digits of the string, for this check if the current character is a digit if yes then store this character into an array pre[] then recursively find all of its combinations else if current character is a ‘$’ then replace it with the digits stored in the array and recursively find all the combinations.
To find the all possible numbers initialize array set[] that stores all the possible numbers, to generate numbers take two nested loop outer loop is for input string and inner loop is for array set[] that stores all the possible combinations of the numbers. Initialize the boolean flag to check if character of the input string is already present in set[] or not if character of the input string is already present in set[] then set flag = false else if flag is true then move the current character of the input string to set[] and recursively find all the combinations of the input string and store it in the array set[]. Finally print each number from the array set[]

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

C

// C++ implementation of the approach
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX 20
#define DIGITS 10
 
// Array to store all the
// possible numbers
char set[DIGITS];
 
// Index to set[] element
int end;
 
// Function to find all the combinations
// of the string by replacing '$' with
// the other digits of the string
void combinations(char* num, char* pre, int curr, int lvl)
{
 
    // Check if current length is less than
    // the length of the input string
    if (curr < strlen(num)) {
 
        // If current character is a digit
        // then store digit into pre[] and
        // recursively find all the combinations
        if (num[curr] >= '0' && num[curr] <= '9') {
            pre[lvl] = num[curr];
            combinations(num, pre, curr + 1, lvl + 1);
        }
 
        // If current character is a '$' then replace
        // it with the other digits of the string and
        // recursively find all the combinations
        // Else go to the next character and
        // recursively find all the combinations
        else if (num[curr] == '$')
            for (int i = 0; i < end; i++) {
                pre[lvl] = set[i];
                combinations(num, pre, curr + 1, lvl + 1);
            }
        else
            combinations(num, pre, curr + 1, lvl);
    }
 
    // Print the array pre[]
    else {
        pre[lvl] = '\0';
        printf("%s\n", pre);
    }
}
 
// Function to find all the numbers formed
// from the input string by replacing '$' with
// all the digits of the input string
int findNumUtil(char num[])
{
    // Array that stores the digits before
    // the character $ in the input string
    char pre[MAX];
 
    end = 0;
 
    // Traverse the input string and check if
    // the current character is a digit
    // if it is then set flag to true
    for (int i = 0; i < strlen(num); i++)
        if (num[i] >= '0' && num[i] <= '9') {
            bool flag = true;
 
            // Check if current character of the input
            // string is already present in the array set[]
            // then set flag to false
            for (int j = 0; j < end; j++)
                if (set[j] == num[i])
                    flag = false;
 
            // Flag is true then store the character
            // into set[] and recursively find all
            // the combinations of numbers and store
            // it in the set[] array
 
            if (flag == true)
                set[end++] = num[i];
        }
 
    combinations(num, pre, 0, 0);
 
    return 0;
}
 
// Function to print all the combinations
// of the numbers by replacing '$' with
// the other digits of the input string
int findNum(char* num, int* result_count)
{
    int i;
    if (num[i]) {
        result_count[i] = findNumUtil(num);
        return (result_count[i]);
    }
    return 0;
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
    char num[MAX] = "23$$";
    int result_count[MAX];
 
    findNum(num, result_count);
 
    return 0;
}

Output:

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