Position of rightmost set bit

Difficulty Level : Medium
Last Updated : 09 Jun, 2021

Write a one line function to return position of first 1 from right to left, in binary representation of an Integer.

I/P    18,   Binary Representation 010010
O/P   2
I/P    19,   Binary Representation 010011
O/P   1

Algorithm: (Example 12(1100))
Let I/P be 12 (1100)
1. Take two’s complement of the given no as all bits are reverted
except the first ‘1’ from right to left (0100)
2 Do a bit-wise & with original no, this will return no with the
required one only (0100)
3 Take the log2 of the no, you will get (position – 1) (2)
4 Add 1 (3)

Explanation –

(n&~(n-1)) always return the binary number containing rightmost set bit as 1.

if N = 12 (1100) then it will return 4 (100)

Here log2 will return you, number of times we can express that number in power of two.

For all binary number containing only rightmost set bit as 1 like 2 , 4, 8, 16, 32….

We will find that position of right most set bit is always equals to log2(Number)+1

Program:

C++

// C++ program for Position
// of rightmost set bit
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace std;
 
class gfg
{
 
public:
unsigned int getFirstSetBitPos(int n)
{
    return log2(n & -n) + 1;
}
};
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
    gfg g;
    int n = 12;
    cout << g.getFirstSetBitPos(n);
    return 0;
}
 
// This code is contributed by SoM15242

C

// C program for Position
// of rightmost set bit
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
 
unsigned int getFirstSetBitPos(int n)
{
    return log2(n & -n) + 1;
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
    int n = 12;
    printf("%u", getFirstSetBitPos(n));
    getchar();
    return 0;
}

Java

// Java Code for Position of rightmost set bit
class GFG {
 
    public static int getFirstSetBitPos(int n)
    {
        return (int)((Math.log10(n & -n)) / Math.log10(2)) + 1;
    }
 
    // Drive code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int n = 12;
        System.out.println(getFirstSetBitPos(n));
    }
}
// This code is contributed by Arnav Kr. Mandal

Python3

# Python Code for Position
# of rightmost set bit
 
import math
 
def getFirstSetBitPos(n):
 
     return math.log2(n&-n)+1
 
# driver code
 
n = 12
print(int(getFirstSetBitPos(n)))
 
# This code is contributed
# by Anant Agarwal.

C#

// C# Code for Position of rightmost set bit
using System;
 
class GFG {
    public static int getFirstSetBitPos(int n)
    {
        return (int)((Math.Log10(n & -n))
                / Math.Log10(2)) + 1;
    }
 
    // Driver method
    public static void Main()
    {
        int n = 12;
        Console.WriteLine(getFirstSetBitPos(n));
    }
}
 
// This code is contributed by Sam007

PHP

<?php
// PHP Code for Position of
// rightmost set bit
 
function getFirstSetBitPos($n)
{
    return ceil(log(($n& -
                     $n) + 1, 2));
}
 
// Driver Code
$n = 12;
echo getFirstSetBitPos($n);
     
// This code is contributed by m_kit
?>

Javascript

<script>
 
// Javascript program to find the
// position of first rightmost
// set bit in a given number
 
// Function to find rightmost
// set bit in given number.
function getFirstSetBitPos(n)
{
    return Math.log2(n & -n) + 1;
}
 
// Driver Code
     
    let n = 12;
    document.write( getFirstSetBitPos(n));
 
</script>

Output

Using ffs() function: ffs() function returns the index of first least significant set bit. The indexing starts in ffs() function from 1.
For example:
n = 12 = 1100

In above example, ffs(n) returns the rightmost set bit index which is 3.

C++

// C++ program to find the first
// rightmost set bit using XOR operator
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// function to find the rightmost set bit
int PositionRightmostSetbit(int n)
{
    // Position variable initialize with 1
    // m variable is used to check the set bit
    int position = 1;
    int m = 1;
 
    while (!(n & m)) {
 
        // left shift
        m = m << 1;
        position++;
    }
    return position;
}
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    int n = 16;
    // function call
    cout << PositionRightmostSetbit(n);
    return 0;
}

Java

// Java program to find the
// first rightmost set bit
// using XOR operator
 
class GFG {
 
    // function to find
    // the rightmost set bit
    static int PositionRightmostSetbit(int n)
    {
        // Position variable initialize
        // with 1 m variable is used to
        // check the set bit
        int position = 1;
        int m = 1;
 
        while ((n & m) == 0) {
 
            // left shift
            m = m << 1;
            position++;
        }
        return position;
    }
 
    // Driver Code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int n = 16;
 
        // function call
        System.out.println(PositionRightmostSetbit(n));
    }
}
 
// This code is contributed
// by Smitha

Python3

# Python3 program to find
# the first rightmost set
# bit using XOR operator
 
# function to find the
# rightmost set bit
def PositionRightmostSetbit(n):
 
    # Position variable initialize
    # with 1 m variable is used
    # to check the set bit
    position = 1
    m = 1
 
    while (not(n & m)) :
 
        # left shift
        m = m << 1
        position += 1
     
    return position
 
# Driver Code
n = 16
 
# function call
print(PositionRightmostSetbit(n))
 
# This code is contributed
# by Smitha

Javascript

<script>
 
// Javascript program to find the
// position of first rightmost
// set bit in a given number
 
// Function to find rightmost
// set bit in given number.
function getFirstSetBitPos(n)
{
    return Math.log2(n & -n) + 1;
}
 
// Driver Code
     
    let n = 12;
    document.write( getFirstSetBitPos(n));
 
</script>

Output

Using XOR and & operator :
Initialize m as 1 as check its XOR with the bits starting from the rightmost bit. Left shift m by one till we find the first set bit, as the first set bit gives a number when we perform a & operation with m.

C++

// C++ program to find the first
// rightmost set bit using XOR operator
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// function to find the rightmost set bit
int PositionRightmostSetbit(int n)
{
    // Position variable initialize with 1
    // m variable is used to check the set bit
    int position = 1;
    int m = 1;
 
    while (!(n & m)) {
 
        // left shift
        m = m << 1;
        position++;
    }
    return position;
}
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    int n = 16;
    // function call
    cout << PositionRightmostSetbit(n);
    return 0;
}

Java

// Java program to find the
// first rightmost set bit
// using XOR operator
 
class GFG {
 
    // function to find
    // the rightmost set bit
    static int PositionRightmostSetbit(int n)
    {
        // Position variable initialize
        // with 1 m variable is used to
        // check the set bit
        int position = 1;
        int m = 1;
 
        while ((n & m) == 0) {
 
            // left shift
            m = m << 1;
            position++;
        }
        return position;
    }
 
    // Driver Code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int n = 16;
 
        // function call
        System.out.println(PositionRightmostSetbit(n));
    }
}
 
// This code is contributed
// by Smitha

Python3

# Python3 program to find
# the first rightmost set
# bit using XOR operator
 
# function to find the
# rightmost set bit
def PositionRightmostSetbit(n):
 
    # Position variable initialize
    # with 1 m variable is used
    # to check the set bit
    position = 1
    m = 1
 
    while (not(n & m)) :
 
        # left shift
        m = m << 1
        position += 1
     
    return position
 
# Driver Code
n = 16
 
# function call
print(PositionRightmostSetbit(n))
 
# This code is contributed
# by Smitha

C#

// C# program to find the
// first rightmost set bit
// using XOR operator
using System;
 
class GFG {
 
    // function to find
    // the rightmost set bit
    static int PositionRightmostSetbit(int n)
    {
        // Position variable initialize
        // with 1 m variable is used to
        // check the set bit
        int position = 1;
        int m = 1;
 
        while ((n & m) == 0) {
 
            // left shift
            m = m << 1;
            position++;
        }
        return position;
    }
 
    // Driver Code
    static public void Main()
    {
        int n = 16;
 
        // function call
        Console.WriteLine(
            PositionRightmostSetbit(n));
    }
}
 
// This code is contributed
// by @ajit

PHP

<?php
// PHP program to find the
// first rightmost set bit
// using XOR operator
 
// function to find the
// rightmost set bit
function PositionRightmostSetbit($n)
{
    // Position variable initialize
    // with 1 m variable is used to
    // check the set bit
    $position = 1;
    $m = 1;
 
    while (!($n & $m))
    {
 
        // left shift
        $m = $m << 1;
        $position++;
    }
    return $position;
}
 
// Driver Code
$n = 16;
 
// function call
echo PositionRightmostSetbit($n);
     
// This code is contributed by ajit
?>

Javascript

<script>
 
    // Javascript program to find the first
    // rightmost set bit using XOR operator
 
    // function to find the rightmost set bit
    function PositionRightmostSetbit(n)
    {
     
        // Position variable initialize with 1
        // m variable is used to check the set bit
        let position = 1;
        let m = 1;
 
        while ((n & m) == 0) {
 
            // left shift
            m = m << 1;
            position++;
        }
        return position;
    }
 
    let n = 16;
     
    // function call
    document.write(PositionRightmostSetbit(n));
     
    // This code is contributed by divyesh072019.
</script>

Output

This approach has been contributed by mubashshir ahmad

Using Left Shift (<<) : Initialize pos with 1, iterate up to INT_SIZE(Here 32) and check whether bit is set or not, if bit is set then break the loop, else increment the pos.

C++

// C++ implementation of above approach
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define INT_SIZE 32
 
int Right_most_setbit(int num)
{
  if(num==0)// for num==0 there is zero set bit
  {  return 0;
  }
  else
  {
    int pos = 1;
    // counting the position of first set bit
    for (int i = 0; i < INT_SIZE; i++) {
        if (!(num & (1 << i)))
            pos++;
        else
            break;
    }
    return pos;
}
}
int main()
{
    int num = 0;
    int pos = Right_most_setbit(num);
    cout << pos << endl;
    return 0;
}
// This approach has been contributed by @yashasvi7

Java

//Java implementation of above approach
public class GFG {
     
    static int INT_SIZE = 32;
 
    static int Right_most_setbit(int num)
    {
        int pos = 1;
        // counting the position of first set bit
        for (int i = 0; i < INT_SIZE; i++) {
            if ((num & (1 << i))== 0)
                pos++;
             
            else
                break;
        }
        return pos;
    }
     
    //Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args) {
     
         int num = 18;
            int pos = Right_most_setbit(num);
            System.out.println(pos);
    }
}  

Python3

# Python 3 implementation of above approach
 
INT_SIZE = 32
 
def Right_most_setbit(num) :
 
    pos = 1
 
    # counting the position of first set bit
    for i in range(INT_SIZE) :
        if not(num & (1 << i)) :
            pos += 1
        else :
            break
         
    return pos
     
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__" :
 
    num = 18
    pos = Right_most_setbit(num)
    print(pos)
     
# This code is contributed by ANKITRAI1

C#

// C# implementation of above approach
using System;
 
class GFG {
     
    static int INT_SIZE = 32;
 
    static int Right_most_setbit(int num)
    {
        int pos = 1;
         
        // counting the position
        // of first set bit
        for (int i = 0; i < INT_SIZE; i++)
        {
            if ((num & (1 << i))== 0)
                pos++;
             
            else
                break;
        }
        return pos;
    }
     
    // Driver code
    static public void Main ()
    {
        int num = 18;
        int pos = Right_most_setbit(num);
        Console.WriteLine(pos);
    }
}

PHP

<?php
// PHP implementation of above approach
 
function Right_most_setbit($num)
{
    $pos = 1;
    $INT_SIZE = 32;
     
    // counting the position
    // of first set bit
    for ($i = 0; $i < $INT_SIZE; $i++)
    {
        if (!($num & (1 << $i)))
            $pos++;
        else
            break;
    }
    return $pos;
}
 
// Driver code
$num = 18;
$pos = Right_most_setbit($num);
echo $pos;
echo ("\n")
 
// This code is contributed
// by Shivi_Aggarwal
?>

Javascript

<script>
 
// Javascript implementation of above approach
let INT_SIZE = 32;
 
function Right_most_setbit(num)
{
    let pos = 1;
     
    // Counting the position of first set bit
    for(let i = 0; i < INT_SIZE; i++)
    {
        if ((num & (1 << i)) == 0)
            pos++;
        else
            break;
    }
    return pos;
}
 
// Driver code
let num = 18;
let pos = Right_most_setbit(num);
 
document.write(pos);
 
// This code is contributed by mukesh07
 
</script>

Output :

Another Method Using right Shift(>>):

Initialize pos=1. Iterate till number>0, at each step check if the last bit is set. If last bit is set, return current position, else increment pos by 1 and right shift n by 1.

C++

// C++ program for above approach
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// Program to find position of
// rightmost set bit
int PositionRightmostSetbit(int n)
{
  int p=1;
   
  // Iterate till number>0
  while(n > 0)
  {
     
    // Checking if last bit is set
    if(n&1){
      return p;
    }
     
    // Increment position and right shift number
    p++;
    n=n>>1;
  }
   
  // set bit not found.
  return -1;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
  int n=18;
   
  // Function call
  int pos=Last_set_bit(n);
 
  if(pos!=-1)
    cout<<pos;
  else
    cout<<0;
 
  return 0;
}

Java

// Java program for above approach
import java.io.*;
 
class GFG{
     
// Function to find position of
// rightmost set bit
public static int Last_set_bit(int n)
{
    int p = 1;
 
    // Iterate till number>0
    while (n > 0)
    {
         
        // Checking if last bit is set
        if ((n & 1) > 0)
        {
            return p;
        }
 
        // Increment position and
        // right shift number
        p++;
        n = n >> 1;
    }
 
    // set bit not found.
    return -1;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
    int n = 18;
 
    // Function call
    int pos = Last_set_bit(n);
 
    if (pos != -1)
        System.out.println(pos);
    else
        System.out.println("0");
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by RohitOberoi

Python3

# Python program for above approach
 
# Program to find position of
# rightmost set bit
def PositionRightmostSetbit( n):
  p = 1
   
  # Iterate till number>0
  while(n > 0):
     
    # Checking if last bit is set
    if(n&1):
      return p
     
    # Increment position and right shift number
    p += 1
    n = n>>1
   
  # set bit not found.
  return -1;
 
# Driver Code
n = 18
# Function call
pos = PositionRightmostSetbit(n)
if(pos != -1):
  print(pos)
else:
  print(0)
 
# This code is contributed by rohitsingh07052.

C#

// C# program for above approach
using System;
 
class GFG{
     
// Function to find position of
// rightmost set bit
public static int Last_set_bit(int n)
{
    int p = 1;
 
    // Iterate till number>0
    while (n > 0)
    {
         
        // Checking if last bit is set
        if ((n & 1) > 0)
        {
            return p;
        }
 
        // Increment position and
        // right shift number
        p++;
        n = n >> 1;
    }
 
    // Set bit not found.
    return -1;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    int n = 18;
 
    // Function call
    int pos = Last_set_bit(n);
 
    if (pos != -1)
        Console.WriteLine(pos);
    else
        Console.WriteLine("0");
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by AnkThon

Javascript

<script>
 
// Javascript program for above approach
 
// Program to find position of
// rightmost set bit
function Last_set_bit(n)
{
    let p = 1;
     
    // Iterate till number>0
    while (n > 0)
    {
         
        // Checking if last bit is set
        if ((n & 1) > 0)
        {
            return p;
        }
         
        // Increment position and
        // right shift number
        p++;
        n = n >> 1;
    }
     
    // Set bit not found.
    return -1;
}
 
// Driver code
let n = 18;
 
// Function call
let pos = Last_set_bit(n);
 
if (pos != -1)
{
    document.write(pos);
}
else
{
    document.write(0);
}
     
// This code is contributed by divyeshrabadiya07
 
</script>

Output

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