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Output of C Program | Set 18

Predict the output of following C programs.
Question 1 
 




#include<stdio.h>
int fun()
{
  static int num = 40;
  return num--;
}
  
int main()
{
  for(fun(); fun(); fun())
  {
    printf("%d ", fun());
  }
  getchar();
  return 0;
}

Output: 38 35 32 29 26 23 20 17 14 11 8 5 2
Since num is static in fun(), the old value of num is preserved for subsequent functions calls. Also, since the statement return num– is postfix, it returns the old value of num, and updates the value for next function call.
Question 2 
 




#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
  char *s[] = { "knowledge","is","power"};
  char **p;
  p = s;
  printf("%s ", ++*p);
  printf("%s ", *p++);
  printf("%s ", ++*p);
  
  getchar();
  return 0;
}

Output: nowledge nowledge s
Let us consider the expression ++*p in first printf(). Since precedence of prefix ++ and * is same, associativity comes into picture. *p is evaluated first because both prefix ++ and * are right to left associative. When we increment *p by 1, it starts pointing to second character of “knowledge”. Therefore, the first printf statement prints “knowledge”.
Let us consider the expression *p++ in second printf() . Since precedence of postfix ++ is higher than *, p++ is evaluated first. And since it’s a postfix ++, old value of p is used in this expression. Therefore, second printf statement prints “knowledge”
In third printf statement, the new value of p (updated by second printf) is used, and third printf() prints “s”.
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