Output functions need an optional argument known as output stream which by default is “output-stream” and can be assigned to another stream where the output has to be sent.
write object key : stream
Example 1:
Lisp
; LISP program for Write
(write "Hello World" )
(write "To" )
(write "The" )
(write "LISP" )
(write "World" )
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Output:
- print, pprint , princ , prin1:
print object stream
print ->>prints with a preceding newline and followed by a space.
pprint object stream
pprint ->>like print except that the trailing space is omitted.
princ object stream
princ ->>like prin1 except that the output has no escape character
prin1 object stream
prin1 ->>returns the item as its value.
Example 2:
Lisp
; LISP program for print
(print "Hello World" )
(pprint "To" )
(prin1 "The" )
(princ "LISP" )
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Output:
- write to string , print to string:
write-to-string object key stream
prin1-to-string object
princ-to-string object The output character string is returned as object from functions.
- write-char, write-string, write-line:
write-char character stream return character and print output
write-string string stream key :start :end writes the particular substring of string to output
write-line string stream key :start :end same as write-string but succeed with newline
terpri stream
print a new line to the stream
fresh-line stream
print new line if stream is not at start of line.
write-byte integer binary-output-stream
write one byte i.e. the value of integer.
- finish output, force output, clear output:
finish-output & optional output-stream
ensure all output sent is reached to stream and then only return null.
force-output & optional output-stream
return nil without waiting for completion of task and force output start the emptying of buffer
clear-output & optional output-stream
abort any outstanding output operation in progress
- output to a binary stream:
write-byte integer binary-output-stream
write-byte writes one byte, the value of integer. It is an error if integer is not of the type specified as the :element-type argument to open when the stream was created. The value integer is returned.
- output to character streams:
write object &key :stream :escape :radix :base :circle :pretty
:level :length :case :gensym :array :readably
:right-margin :miser-width :lines :pprint-dispatch
same as above the output stream can be specified for other functions like as:
prin1 object &optional output-stream
print object &optional output-stream
pprint object &optional output-stream
princ object &optional output-stream
write-to-string object &key
:escape :radix :base :circle :pretty :level :length :case :gensym :array
prin1-to-string object
princ-to-string object
write-char character &optional output-stream
terpri &optional output-stream
fresh-line &optional output-stream
finish-output &optional output-stream
force-output &optional output-stream
clear-output &optional output-stream
Example 3:
Lisp
; this program inputs a number and divide it by 2
( defun QuadNumber()
(terpri)
;for new line
(princ "Input Number : " )
;print statement "Input Number :"
(setq n1 (read))
;set n1 to input number
(setq quad ( / n1 4.0 ))
;set n1 = n1 / 4
(princ "The Number: " )
(write n1)
;write n1
(terpri)
;new line
(princ "The Number's fourth part: " )
(write quad)
;write quad = n1 / 4
)
(QuadNumber) ;
call function DoubleNumber
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Output:
Last Updated :
08 Aug, 2022
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