numpy.true_divide() in Python

Last Updated : 29 Nov, 2018

(arr1, arr22, /, out=None, *, where=True, casting=’same_kind’, order=’K’, dtype=None, ufunc ‘true_divide’) :
Array element from first array is divided by the elements from second array(all happens element-wise). Both arr1 and arr2 must have same shape. Returns true division element-wise.

Python traditionally follow ‘floor division’. Regardless of input type, true division adjusts answer to its best.
“//” is floor division operator.
“/” is true division operator.

Parameters :

arr1     : [array_like]Input array or object which works as numerator.
arr2     : [array_like]Input array or object which works as denominator. 
out      : [ndarray, None, optional]Output array with same dimensions as Input array, 
           placed with result.
**kwargs : allows you to pass keyword variable length of argument to a function. 
           It is used when we want to handle named argument in a function.
where    : [array_like, optional]True value means to calculate the universal 
           functions(ufunc) at that position, False value means to leave the  
           value in the output alone.

Return :

If inputs are scalar then scalar; otherwise array with arr1 / arr2(element- wise) 
i.e. true division

Code 1 : arr1 divided by arr2

# Python program explaining 
# true_divide() function 
import numpy as np 
  
# input_array 
arr1 = [6, 7, 2, 9, 1] 
arr2 = [2, 3, 4, 5, 6] 
print ("arr1         : ", arr1) 
print ("arr1         : ", arr2) 
  
# output_array 
out = np.true_divide(arr1, arr2) 
print ("\nOutput array : \n", out) 

Output :

arr1         :  [6, 7, 2, 9, 1]
arr1         :  [2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

Output array : 
 [ 3.          2.33333333  0.5         1.8         0.16666667]

Code 2 : elements of arr1 divided by divisor

# Python program explaining 
# true_divide() function 
import numpy as np 
  
# input_array 
arr1 = [2, 7, 3, 11, 4] 
divisor = 3
print ("arr1         : ", arr1) 
  
# output_array 
out = np.true_divide(arr1, divisor) 
print ("\nOutput array : ", out) 

Output :

arr1         :  [2, 7, 3, 11, 4]

Output array :  [ 0.66666667  2.33333333  1.          3.66666667  1.33333333]

Code 3 : Comparison between floor_division(//) and true-division(/)

# Python program explaining 
# true_divide() function 
import numpy as np 
  
# input_array 
arr1 = np.arange(5) 
arr2 = [2, 3, 4, 5, 6] 
print ("arr1         : ", arr1) 
print ("arr1         : ", arr2) 
  
# output_array 
out = np.floor_divide(arr1, arr2) 
out_arr = np.true_divide(arr1, arr2)  
print ("\nOutput array with floor divide : \n", out) 
print ("\nOutput array with true divide  : \n", out_arr) 
  
  
print ("\nOutput array with floor divide(//) : \n", arr1//arr2) 
print ("\nOutput array with true divide(/)   : \n", arr1/arr2) 

Output :

arr1         :  [0 1 2 3 4]
arr1         :  [2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

Output array with floor divide : 
 [0 0 0 0 0]

Output array with true divide  : 
 [ 0.          0.33333333  0.5         0.6         0.66666667]

Output array with floor divide(//) : 
 [0 0 0 0 0]

Output array with true divide(/)   : 
 [ 0.          0.33333333  0.5         0.6         0.66666667]

References :
https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy-1.13.0/reference/generated/numpy.floor_divide.html
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