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Number of ways to sum up a total of N from limited denominations

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Given a number N and two arrays arr1[] and arr2[] of length 4. The array arr1[] denotes the denomination of 1, 5, 10, and 20 and arr2[] denotes the count of denominations of 1, 5, 10, and 20 respectively. The task is to find the number of ways in which we can sum them up to a total of N with a limited number of denominations.

Examples: 

Input: arr1[] = {1, 5, 10, 20}, arr2[] = {6, 4, 3, 5}, N = 123 
Output:
Explanation: 
There are 5 ways to sum up to 123 with the given denomination of coins.
Input: arr1[] = {1, 5, 10, 20}, arr2[] = {1, 3, 2, 1}, N = 50 
Output:
Explanation: 
There is only 1 way to sum up to 50 with the given denomination of coins. 
 

Naive Approach: Let the count of denominations be represented by A, B, C, and D. The naive approach is to run nested loops. Each loop will refer to the number of coins of each denomination. Find the number of coins of each denomination required to make N by the equation: 

(a * 1) + (b * 5) + (c * 10) + (d * 20)) == N 
where 0 <= a <= A, 0 &<= b <= B, 0 <= c <= C, 0 <= d <= D and N is the total amount. 
 

Time Complexity: O(N4
Auxiliary Space: O(1) 

Better Approach: We can optimize the above naive approach by adding some extra bounds to the loops which will reduce some computations. By observing, we can easily reduce the complexity by discarding one loop by removing coin with denomination 1 from N and check if the below inequality holds true or not:  

(N – A) <= (b * 5 + c * 10 + d * 20) <= N  

Below is the implementation of the above approach: 

C++




// C++ program for the above approach
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
// Function to find the number of
// ways to sum up a total of N
// from limited denominations
int calculateWays(int arr1[], int arr2[],
                  int N)
{
    // Store the count of denominations
    int A = arr2[0], B = arr2[1];
    int C = arr2[2], D = arr2[3];
 
    // Stores the final result
    int ans = 0;
 
    // As one of the denominations is
    // rupee 1, so we can reduce the
    // computation by checking the
    // equality for N-(A*1) = N-A
    for (int b = 0;
         b <= B && b * 5 <= (N); b++)
 
        for (int c = 0;
             c <= C
             && b * 5 + c * 10 <= (N);
             c++)
 
            for (int d = 0;
                 d <= D
                 && b * 5 + c * 10 + d * 20 <= (N);
                 d++)
 
                if ((b * 5) + (c * 10)
                        + (d * 20)
                    >= (N - A))
 
                    // Increment the count
                    // for number of ways
                    ans++;
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    // Given Denominations
    int N = 123;
 
    int arr1[] = { 1, 5, 10, 20 };
    int arr2[] = { 6, 4, 3, 5 };
 
    // Function Call
    cout << calculateWays(arr1, arr2, N);
 
    return 0;
}


Java




// Java program for the above approach
import java.util.*;
 
class GFG{
 
// Function to find the number of
// ways to sum up a total of N
// from limited denominations
static int calculateWays(int arr1[], int arr2[],
                         int N)
{
     
    // Store the count of denominations
    int A = arr2[0], B = arr2[1];
    int C = arr2[2], D = arr2[3];
 
    // Stores the final result
    int ans = 0;
 
    // As one of the denominations is
    // rupee 1, so we can reduce the
    // computation by checking the
    // equality for N-(A*1) = N-A
    for(int b = 0;
            b <= B && b * 5 <= (N); b++)
             
        for(int c = 0;
                c <= C && b * 5 + c * 10 <= (N);
                c++)
 
            for(int d = 0;
                    d <= D &&
                    b * 5 + c * 10 + d * 20 <= (N);
                    d++)
 
                if ((b * 5) + (c * 10) +
                    (d * 20) >= (N - A))
 
                    // Increment the count
                    // for number of ways
                    ans++;
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
     
    // Given denominations
    int N = 123;
 
    int arr1[] = { 1, 5, 10, 20 };
    int arr2[] = { 6, 4, 3, 5 };
 
    // Function call
    System.out.print(calculateWays(arr1, arr2, N));
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by PrinciRaj1992


Python3




# Python3 program for the above approach
 
# Function to find the number of
# ways to sum up a total of N
# from limited denominations
def calculateWays(arr1, arr2, N):
   
    # Store the count of denominations
    A = arr2[0]
    B = arr2[1]
    C = arr2[2]
    D = arr2[3]
 
    # Stores the final result
    ans, b, c, d = 0, 0, 0, 0
 
    # As one of the denominations is
    # rupee 1, so we can reduce the
    # computation by checking the
    # equality for N-(A*1) = N-A
    while b <= B and b * 5 <= (N):
        c = 0
 
        while (c <= C and
               b * 5 + c * 10 <= (N)):
            d = 0
 
            while (d <= D and
                   b * 5 + c * 10 +
                   d * 20 <= (N)):
               
                if ((b * 5) + (c * 10) +
                    (d * 20) >= (N - A)):
 
                    # Increment the count
                    # for number of ways
                    ans += 1
                d += 1
            c += 1
        b += 1
         
    return ans
   
# Driver Code
if __name__ == '__main__':
   
    # Given Denominations
    N = 123
 
    arr1 = [ 1, 5, 10, 20 ]
    arr2 = [ 6, 4, 3, 5 ]
 
    # Function Call
    print(calculateWays(arr1, arr2, N))
 
# This code is contributed by mohit kumar 29


C#




// C# program for the above approach
using System;
 
class GFG{
 
// Function to find the number of
// ways to sum up a total of N
// from limited denominations
static int calculateWays(int []arr1, int []arr2,
                         int N)
{
     
    // Store the count of denominations
    int A = arr2[0], B = arr2[1];
    int C = arr2[2], D = arr2[3];
 
    // Stores the readonly result
    int ans = 0;
 
    // As one of the denominations is
    // rupee 1, so we can reduce the
    // computation by checking the
    // equality for N-(A*1) = N-A
    for(int b = 0;
            b <= B && b * 5 <= (N); b++)
             
        for(int c = 0;
                c <= C && b * 5 + c * 10 <= (N);
                c++)
 
            for(int d = 0;
                    d <= D &&
                    b * 5 + c * 10 + d * 20 <= (N);
                    d++)
 
                if ((b * 5) + (c * 10) +
                    (d * 20) >= (N - A))
 
                    // Increment the count
                    // for number of ways
                    ans++;
                     
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
     
    // Given denominations
    int N = 123;
 
    int []arr1 = { 1, 5, 10, 20 };
    int []arr2 = { 6, 4, 3, 5 };
 
    // Function call
    Console.Write(calculateWays(arr1, arr2, N));
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by PrinciRaj1992


Javascript




<script>
 
// Javascript program for the above approach
  
// Function to find the number of
// ways to sum up a total of N
// from limited denominations
function calculateWays(arr1, arr2,
                         N)
{
      
    // Store the count of denominations
    let A = arr2[0], B = arr2[1];
    let C = arr2[2], D = arr2[3];
  
    // Stores the final result
    let ans = 0;
  
    // As one of the denominations is
    // rupee 1, so we can reduce the
    // computation by checking the
    // equality for N-(A*1) = N-A
    for(let b = 0;
            b <= B && b * 5 <= (N); b++)
              
        for(let c = 0;
                c <= C && b * 5 + c * 10 <= (N);
                c++)
  
            for(let d = 0;
                    d <= D &&
                    b * 5 + c * 10 + d * 20 <= (N);
                    d++)
  
                if ((b * 5) + (c * 10) +
                    (d * 20) >= (N - A))
  
                    // Increment the count
                    // for number of ways
                    ans++;
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
 
     // Given denominations
    let N = 123;
  
    let arr1 = [ 1, 5, 10, 20 ];
    let arr2 = [ 6, 4, 3, 5 ];
  
    // Function call
    document.write(calculateWays(arr1, arr2, N));
 
</script>


Output: 

5

 

Time Complexity: O(N3
Auxiliary Space: O(1)

Efficient Approach: Let the count of denominations be represented by A, B, C, and D. The efficient approach for solving the above problem is to count the possible number of denominations formed using C and D. Then we will find the remaining value with denominations of A and B. Below are the steps:

  1. Initialize the array ways[] to store the precomputed sum of denominations of A and B.
  2. Iterate two nested loops to store the combination of values formed by denominations of A and B in ways[].
  3. Iterate two nested loops to find all the combinations of values formed by denominations of C and D and add all the possible combinations of the value N – (C*10 + D*20), which is equivalent to (A * 1) + (B * 5).
  4. The sum of all values in the above step is the required result.

Below is the implementation of the above approach: 

C++




// C++ program for the above approach
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int ways[1010];
 
// Function to find the number of
// ways to sum up a total of N
// from limited denominations
int calculateWays(int arr1[], int arr2[],
                  int N)
{
    // Store the count of denominations
    int A = arr2[0], B = arr2[1];
    int C = arr2[2], D = arr2[3];
 
    // Stores the final result
    int ans = 0;
 
    // L1 : Incrementing the values
    // with indices with denomination
    // (a * 1 + b * 5)
 
    // This will give the number of coins
    // for all combinations of coins
    // with value 1 and 5
    for (int b = 0;
         b <= B && b * 5 <= N; b++) {
 
        for (int a = 0;
             a <= A
             && a * 1 + b * 5 <= N;
             a++) {
            ways[a + b * 5]++;
        }
    }
 
    // L2 will sum the values of those
    // indices of ways[] which is equal
    // to (N - (c * 10 + d * 20))
    for (int c = 0;
         c <= C && c * 10 <= (N); c++) {
 
        for (int d = 0;
             d <= D
             && c * 10 + d * 20 <= (N);
             d++) {
            ans += ways[N - c * 10 - d * 20];
        }
    }
 
    // Return the final count
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    // Given Denominations
    int N = 123;
 
    int arr1[] = { 1, 5, 10, 20 };
    int arr2[] = { 6, 4, 3, 5 };
 
    // Function Call
    cout << calculateWays(arr1, arr2, N);
 
    return 0;
}


Java




// Java program for the above approach
import java.util.*;
 
class GFG{
     
static int []ways = new int[1010];
 
// Function to find the number of
// ways to sum up a total of N
// from limited denominations
static int calculateWays(int arr1[], int arr2[],
                         int N)
{
     
    // Store the count of denominations
    int A = arr2[0], B = arr2[1];
    int C = arr2[2], D = arr2[3];
 
    // Stores the final result
    int ans = 0;
 
    // L1 : Incrementing the values
    // with indices with denomination
    // (a * 1 + b * 5)
 
    // This will give the number of coins
    // for all combinations of coins
    // with value 1 and 5
    for(int b = 0;
            b <= B && b * 5 <= N; b++)
    {
        for(int a = 0;
                a <= A && a * 1 + b * 5 <= N;
                a++)
        {
            ways[a + b * 5]++;
        }
    }
 
    // L2 will sum the values of those
    // indices of ways[] which is equal
    // to (N - (c * 10 + d * 20))
    for(int c = 0;
            c <= C && c * 10 <= (N); c++)
    {
        for(int d = 0;
                d <= D && c * 10 + d * 20 <= (N);
                d++)
        {
            ans += ways[N - c * 10 - d * 20];
        }
    }
 
    // Return the final count
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
     
    // Given denominations
    int N = 123;
 
    int arr1[] = { 1, 5, 10, 20 };
    int arr2[] = { 6, 4, 3, 5 };
 
    // Function call
    System.out.print(calculateWays(arr1, arr2, N));
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by Princi Singh


Python3




# Python3 program for
# the above approach
ways = [0 for i in range(1010)];
 
# Function to find the number of
# ways to sum up a total of N
# from limited denominations
def calculateWays(arr1, arr2, N):
 
    # Store the count of denominations
    A = arr2[0]; B = arr2[1];
    C = arr2[2]; D = arr2[3];
 
    # Stores the final result
    ans = 0;
 
    # L1 : Incrementing the values
    # with indices with denomination
    # (a * 1 + b * 5)
 
    # This will give the number of coins
    # for all combinations of coins
    # with value 1 and 5
    for b in range(0, B + 1):
        if(b * 5 > N):
            break;
        for a in range(0, A + 1):
            if(a + b * 5 > N):
                break;
            ways[a + b * 5] += 5;   
 
    # L2 will sum the values of those
    # indices of ways which is equal
    # to (N - (c * 10 + d * 20))
    for c in range(0, C):
        if(c * 10 > N):
            break;
        for d in range(0, D):
            if(c * 10 + d * 20 > N):
                break;
            ans += ways[N - c * 10 - d * 20];   
 
    # Return the final count
    return ans;
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == '__main__':
 
    # Given denominations
    N = 123;
 
    arr1 = [1, 5, 10, 20];
    arr2 = [6, 4, 3, 5];
 
    # Function call
    print(calculateWays(arr1, arr2, N));
 
# This code is contributed by gauravrajput1


C#




// C# program for the above approach
using System;
 
class GFG{
     
static int []ways = new int[1010];
 
// Function to find the number of
// ways to sum up a total of N
// from limited denominations
static int calculateWays(int []arr1, int []arr2,
                         int N)
{
     
    // Store the count of denominations
    int A = arr2[0], B = arr2[1];
    int C = arr2[2], D = arr2[3];
 
    // Stores the readonly result
    int ans = 0;
 
    // L1 : Incrementing the values
    // with indices with denomination
    // (a * 1 + b * 5)
 
    // This will give the number of coins
    // for all combinations of coins
    // with value 1 and 5
    for(int b = 0;
            b <= B && b * 5 <= N; b++)
    {
        for(int a = 0;
                a <= A && a * 1 + b * 5 <= N;
                a++)
        {
            ways[a + b * 5]++;
        }
    }
 
    // L2 will sum the values of those
    // indices of ways[] which is equal
    // to (N - (c * 10 + d * 20))
    for(int c = 0;
            c <= C && c * 10 <= (N); c++)
    {
        for(int d = 0;
                d <= D && c * 10 + d * 20 <= (N);
                d++)
        {
            ans += ways[N - c * 10 - d * 20];
        }
    }
 
    // Return the final count
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
     
    // Given denominations
    int N = 123;
 
    int []arr1 = { 1, 5, 10, 20 };
    int []arr2 = { 6, 4, 3, 5 };
 
    // Function call
    Console.Write(calculateWays(arr1, arr2, N));
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar


Javascript




<script>
 
// Javascript program for the above approach
var ways = Array(1010).fill(0);
 
// Function to find the number of
// ways to sum up a total of N
// from limited denominations
function calculateWays(arr1, arr2, N)
{
    // Store the count of denominations
    var A = arr2[0], B = arr2[1];
    var C = arr2[2], D = arr2[3];
 
    // Stores the final result
    var ans = 0;
 
    // L1 : Incrementing the values
    // with indices with denomination
    // (a * 1 + b * 5)
 
    // This will give the number of coins
    // for all combinations of coins
    // with value 1 and 5
    for (var b = 0;
         b <= B && b * 5 <= N; b++) {
 
        for (var a = 0;
             a <= A
             && a * 1 + b * 5 <= N;
             a++) {
            ways[a + b * 5]++;
        }
    }
 
    // L2 will sum the values of those
    // indices of ways[] which is equal
    // to (N - (c * 10 + d * 20))
    for (var c = 0;
         c <= C && c * 10 <= (N); c++) {
 
        for (var d = 0;
             d <= D
             && c * 10 + d * 20 <= (N);
             d++) {
            ans += ways[N - c * 10 - d * 20];
        }
    }
 
    // Return the final count
    return ans;
}
 
// Driver Code
 
// Given Denominations
var N = 123;
var arr1 = [1, 5, 10, 20];
var arr2 = [6, 4, 3, 5];
 
// Function Call
document.write( calculateWays(arr1, arr2, N));
 
 
</script>


Output: 

5

 

Time Complexity: O(N2) 
Auxiliary Space: O(1)



Last Updated : 14 Jun, 2021
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