Chapter 3 Democracy and Diversity – NCERT Solution Class 10 Social Science

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Political Science (Civics) Social Science Chapter 3: Democracy and Diversity explore the existence of diverse social groups and how they make a democracy. Social differences at times need to exist and are considered to be quite desirable in a democratic system. Students can have a better understanding of Chapter 3: Democracy and Diversity with the help of NCERT Solutions. The knowledge of democracy and politics is important for understanding democratic concepts. All the important topics covered in Chapter 3 of the Social Science textbook for Class 10 are explained well in the NCERT solutions.

NCERT Solutions Political Science Chapter 3

Chapter 3: Democracy and Diversity

Q 1. Discuss three factors that determine the outcomes of politics of social divisions.

Answer-

The use of social identities such as religion, caste, gender, language, and ethnicity to gain political power is referred to as politics of social divisions. Various factors influence the outcomes of this type of politics, including:

1. Historic Events: The history of a place is important in shaping social differences. Past events and practices influence how people perceive and use social differences in politics.
2. Economy: The economic conditions of the place also influence the outcomes of social divisions politics. If people are poor, politicians may take advantage of social differences to gain their support by promising benefits.
3. Political Leaders: Social differences have been used by many political leaders to gain power can either make society more united or create more divisions.

Q 2. When does a social difference become a social division?

Answer-

When a social difference creates a schism between people and leads to discrimination, inequality, or conflict, it becomes a social division. Religious, caste, race, and gender differences exist naturally in society and do not necessarily create divisions. These differences, however, become social divisions when they are used to create a “us vs. them” mentality or to justify unequal treatment. 

Q 3. How do social divisions affect politics? Give two examples.

Answer-

Democracy is about competition among different political parties and the competition tends to divide the society. If the political parties start competing in terms of some existing social divisions, social divisions into political divisions and can lead to conflict or violence or even at times to disintegration of country. 

Two examples based on the countries where social divisions affect politics are as follows:

1. North- Ireland- North Ireland has faced violent and also bitter typeof political conflict in ethnic level. Protestants and Catholics are two important groups in the country. The Catholics are represented by Nationalist parties  who demanded Northern Ireland to be unified with Republic of Ireland, which has been predominantly Catholic country. Protestants where represented by Unionists and the fight between Unionists and Nationalists had led to social conflicts which has killed hundreds of civilians.
2. Yugoslavia- Existence of political competition among religious as well as ethnic groups have led to disintegration of Yugoslavia into six independent countries.

Q 4.   ________________ social differences create possibilities of deep social divisions and tensions. ___________________ social differences do not usually lead to conflicts.

Answer-

Overlapping social differences create possibilities of deep social divisions and tensions. Cross- cutting social differences do not usually lead to conflicts.

Q 5. In dealing with social divisions which one of the following statements is NOT correct about democracy?

1. Due to political competition in a democracy, social divisions get reflected in politics.
2. In a democracy, it is possible for communities to voice their grievances in a peaceful manner.
3. Democracy is the best way to accommodate social diversity.
4. Democracy always leads to the disintegration of society on the basis of social divisions.

Answer-

Option D Democracy always leads to the disintegration of society on the basis of social divisions is the not the correct answer.

Q 6. Consider the following three statements.

1. Social divisions take place when social differences overlap.
2. It is possible that a person can have multiple identities.
3. Social divisions exist in only big countries like India.

Which of the statements is/are correct?
(a) 1,2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2 (c) B and C (d) Only C

Answer-

(b) 1 and 2 is correct option. Social division can exist in all sizes of countries.

Q 7. Arrange the following statements in a logical sequence and select the right answers by using the code given below.

1. But all political expression of social divisions need not be always dangerous.
2. Social divisions of one kind or the other exist in most countries.
3. Parties try to win political support by appealing to social divisions.
4. Some social differences may result in social divisions.

      (a) 4, 2,3 and 1 
      (b) 4, 2, 1 and 3 
      (c) 4,1,3 and 2 
      (d) 1,2,3,4

Answer-

(a) 4, 2,3 and 1

Statement 4 establishes the context by emphasising how social differences can result in social divisions. Statement 2 expands on this by claiming that social divisions exist in the majority of countries. Statement 3 describes how political parties attempt to gain support by exploiting social divisions. Statement 1 responds by stating that not all political manifestations of social divisions are dangerous.

Q 8. Among the following, which country suffered disintegration due to political fights on the basis of religious and ethnic identities?

1. Belgium
2. India
3. Yugoslavia
4. Netherlands

Answer-

3. Yugoslavia

Rising ethnic and nationalist tensions led to Yugoslavia’s disintegration in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Political fights based on religious and ethnic identities sparked conflicts and violence, resulting in the country’s disintegration.

Q 9. Read the following passage from a famous speech by Martin Luther King Jr. in 1963. Which social division is he talking about? What are his aspirations and anxieties? Do you see a relationship between this speech and the incident in Mexico Olympics mentioned in this chapter?

“I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. Let freedom ring. And when this happens, and when we allow freedom ring—when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children—black men and white men, Jews, and Gentiles, Protestants, and Catholics—will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual: ‘Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!’ I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal’.

Answer-

Martin Luther King Jr. is referring to segregationist practises of white people towards black people. According to him, it is the reason of social division between the two communities. His ambitions were to remind people of a secure society in which different communities can coexist peacefully. He aspired for a society free of racial abuse. He wanted the communities to respect one another and not discriminate against one another based on their skin colour.

Yes, there is a connection between his speech and the incident at the Olympics in Mexico because both reflect a stand against the plight of African-Americans.

Democracy and Diversity Summary

Chapter 3 of NCERT Social Science Civics Textbook- Democratic Politics-II introduces the students to the concepts of racial discrimination and helps the students to identify themselves not only on the basis of language and ethnicity but also other dimensions like race, color, physical appearance, gender, tribe, etc.  How the state and public express social divisions will also be discussed and the role of the state in suppressing the social conflicts.

The students will be familiarized with the following topics:

1. A Story from Mexico Olympics
2. Differences, Similarities, Divisions
3. Politics of Social Divisions

Democracy and Diversity Class 10 Notes Civics Chapter 3

FAQs on NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Political Science Chapter 3

Q 1. Why should one choose NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Political Science Chapter 3 from Geeksforgeeks?

Answer-

Accurate and easily written answers are provided so that the students are able to score better and the solutions are framed after thorough research by the Subject Matter Experts. Students can refer to these solutions in case of any doubt while solving the NCERT solutions. The answers are formulated in simple and understandable language.

Q 2. How to prepare for board exams with NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Political Science Chapter 3?

Answer-

Learning and revising the chapter on a regular basis would help to understand the concepts better and correct material like NCERT Solutions by Geeksforgeeks, would help to secure more marks in the exam. The syllabus should be gone through thoroughly along with the marks weightage of each chapter before attempting the examination.

Q 3. What will I learn from Chapter 3 of NCERT Solutions of Class 10 Political Science?

Answer-

The following topics are covered in Chapter 3 of NCERT Solutions of Class 10 Political Science-

• A Story from Mexico Olympics
• Differences, similarities, and divisions
  • Origins of social divisions
  • Overlapping and cross-cutting differences
• Politics of social divisions
  • Range of Outcomes
  • Three Determinants