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National Park

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For the conservation of plants and animals, there are widely available biospheres, sanctuaries, and national parks across the world. The biosphere is the area of the world where there are living things that can support life. The term “biosphere reserve” refers to a larger protected area that aims to protect the local biodiversity and cultural heritage. Other protected regions, including national parks and sanctuaries, may be included in a biosphere. For instance, the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve is made up of two wildlife sanctuaries called Bori and Ault Marhi as well as the Satpura National Park. The protected places known as “wildlife sanctuaries” offer safety and acceptable living conditions to wild creatures. 

Animals may not be killed (poached) or captured in sanctuaries under any circumstances. A sanctuary might be a piece of land set aside for the protection and growth of endangered species. For instance, Assam’s Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuary is home to rhinos. A national park reserve is substantial and varied enough to save an entire ecosystem. National parks protect the local flora, animals, landscapes, and historic treasures. An illustration. Along with vegetation and animals, rock shelters and paintings are maintained in the Satpura National Park.

What is a National Park?

An area of land set aside by the government of a nation for conservation is known as a national park. A sovereign state frequently announces or possesses a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed territory. Despite the differences in how different countries designate their national parks, there is a similar goal: the preservation of “wild nature” for future generations and as a source of national pride.

Features of National Park

  1. A national park is a generally large area of scenic beauty that the government protects and maintains to conserve the local flora and fauna, landscapes, historic treasures, and points of scientific importance.
  2. National parks offer people relaxation and pleasure.
  3. People are permitted to access national parks to see wild creatures ranging freely in their native habitats and historic items of the region set aside for leisure, enjoyment, inspiration, and education.
  4. A national park is a space set aside for the preservation of species, whereby public entertainment is allowed as long as it supports the conservation effort’s main goal.
  5. To conserve their natural beauty, national parks are shielded from the majority of development plans.
  6. Inside a national park, human activities like mining, hunting, and fishing are prohibited.

Economic Importance of National Parks

  • The money that the government allocates for national parks and hiking trails benefits local companies since it creates several jobs and returns to society. 
  • Building and maintaining hiking infrastructure in national parks and hiking areas are funded by government budgets. 
  • Around these sites, the private sector develops tourism-related businesses.
  • The infrastructure of national parks and hiking areas, such as the roads and campfire sites, is funded by the government. 
  • In the area surrounding the protected areas, these facilities aid in the development of the tourism sector.

Importance of National Parks

  • Wildlife, habitats, and the natural world are safeguarded by national parks against exploitation and human interference.
  • They provide a secure environment for animals to live and breed. 
  • National Parks protect over 247 kinds of endangered or threatened plants and animals.
  • Natural beauty spots are safeguarded by national parks.
  • There are numerous indigenous species in national parks.
  • They also safeguard locations that are significant to Aboriginal people and those that represent earlier lifestyles. Protected areas include national parks.
  • The world’s largest living creatures, Giant Sequoia trees, the longest known cave system, Mammoth Cave National Park, and America’s deepest lake, among many other incredible wildlife and environments, are all protected by them.

Protected areas’ primary goal is the preservation of biodiversity. A diverse ecosystem can continue to provide essential ecosystem services including air and water purification, nutrient cycling, climate management,  and pollination as long as it is healthy and secure. Our economy, our values, and the intrinsic worth of individual species and ecosystems depend on protecting biodiversity. Numerous plants in national parks serve the environment by giving us clean water, pure air, and other benefits, all of which contribute in different ways to the conservation of biodiversity.

List of National Parks in India

Wildlife can seek shelter in national parks away from human habitation. India now has more than 100 national parks spread out across the nation’s many biomes.
National parks in India consist of:

  1. Hailey national park (Uttarakhand)
  2. Corbett national park (Uttarakhand)
  3. Hemis national park (Jammu and Kashmir)
  4. The great Himalayan national park (Himachal Pradesh)
  5. Gir national park and Sasan Gir sanctuary (Gujarat)
  6. Dudhwa national park (Uttar Pradesh)
  7. Kanha national park (Madhya Pradesh)
  8. Sariska national park (Rajasthan)
  9. Kaziranga national park (Assam)
  10. Nagarhole national park (Karnataka)
  11. Chinar wildlife sanctuary (Kerala), and many more.

FAQs on National Park

Question 1: Define biosphere.

Answer: 

The biosphere can be defined as a region of the planet that supports life or is home to living things.

Question 2: Define national park.

Answer: 

National parks are defined as the government-protected and-maintained vast region of scenic beauty where the indigenous flora and wildlife, landscapes, historic treasures, and places of scientific interest are preserved.

Question 3: Write a difference between national parks and sanctuaries.

Answer: 

  National Park Sanctuaries
Aim To protect Indian animals and their populations To protect local flora, fauna, landscapes, and historic treasures.
Boundary Have fixed boundary There is no fixed boundary
Protects Micro-organisms, reptiles, birds, and animals Flora and fauna including mountains, rivers, etc

Question 4: Write any two names of a national park?

Answer: 

  1. Hailey national park (Uttarakhand)
  2. The great Himalayan national park (Himachal Pradesh)

Question 5: Is a national park contributes to the economy of the country?

Answer: 

Yes, through tourism, national park contributes to the economy of the country as national parks attract more visitors.


Last Updated : 10 Jan, 2023
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