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National Health Mission

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National Health Mission was launched in 2013 and was implemented by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. The target of the National Health Mission is that equitable, quality and affordable healthcare services should be universally accessible, accountable, and at the same time responsive to all the people according to their needs. It should also help in lessening maternal and child deaths, and stabilisation of population gender and demographic balance.

National Health Mission

National Health Mission

Sub-missions of National Health Mission (NHM):

The two sub-missions of the National Health Mission are stated as follows-
A) National Rural Health Mission: lt was launched in 2005 in order to improve the health system and help the status of the people especially those who live in rural areas of the country.
B) National Urban Health Mission: lt was launched in 2013 to improve the health status of the urban poor especially slum dwellers and other disadvantaged sections by providing them with equitable and quality health care services.

Goals- National Health Mission:

Enumerated are the goals of the National Health Mission:

  • To reduce the Total Fertility Rate to 2.1
  • To lessen the Infant Mortality Rate to 25 per 1000 live births.
  • To reduce the cases and mortality due to Tuberculosis to half.
  • To limit Malaria cases to less than 1 per 1000 population.
  • To curtail the Maternal Mortality Rate to 1 per 1000 live births.
  • To prevent and lessen the disease of Anaemia in women between the age of 15 to 49 years.
  • To promote healthy lifestyles.
  • To control and prevent communicable and non-communicable diseases including locally endemic diseases.

Five Key programmatic components under National Health Mission:

  1. Strengthening of health systems that covers human resources, drugs, and equipment, infrastructure, ASHAs, MMUs, etc. under NRHM and NUHM.
  2. RMNCH+A =It refers to Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent Health Services.
  3. Programs for control of communicable diseases 
  4. Programs for control of non-communicable diseases interventions up to the District Hospital level
  5. Infrastructure Maintenance

Major initiatives under National Health Mission:

  • National Mobile Medical Units 
  • Ayushman Bharat 
  • Rogi Kalyan Samiti 
  • Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram
  • Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram
  • Prime Minister National dialysis program Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana 
  • Free drugs and free diagnostic services

Financing of National Health Mission: 

Implementation of programs of the National Health mission is done by State or Union Territory Governments. The funding of the National Health Mission is divided between the Centre and States within the ratio of 60:40 respectively for general states and 90:10 respectively for the Special Category States as stated in the 14th Finance Commission.

Achievements of National Health Mission: 

  • Infant Mortality Rate was reduced to 37 in 2015.
  • The maternal Mortality Rate was lessened to 167 in 2011- 13.
  • The Total Fertility Rate was curtailed to 2.3 in 2014.
  • In 2016, the annual Malaria incidence was 0.67.
  • National Health Mission supports the world’s largest community health volunteer programme through the Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) and more than 10 lakhs ASHAs and ASHA facilitators are engaged in this system.
  • The National Health mission led to the design and implementation of health sector reforms related to governance, procurement, and technology.
  • Recently, around 20,990 Emergency Response Service Vehicles are functioning under NRHM.
  • There was also growth in public health facilities and improvement in health indicators.
     

Related Questions with Answers:

Q1. What is the target of the National Health Mission? 

Explanation: The target of the National Health Mission is that equitable, quality and affordable healthcare services should be universally accessible, accountable, and at the same time responsive to all the people according to their needs. It should also help in lessening maternal and child deaths, and stabilization of population gender and demographic balance.

Q2. What are the two sub-missions of the National Health Mission?  

Explanation: The two sub-missions of the National Health Mission are stated as follows,

  1. National Rural Health Mission- lt was launched in 2005 in order to improve the health system and help status of the people especially those who live in rural areas of the country.
  2. National Urban Health Mission- lt was launched in 2013 to improve the health status of the urban poor especially slum dwellers and other disadvantaged sections by providing them with equitable and quality health care services.

Q3. Mention the goals of the National Health Mission.

Explanation: Enumerated are the goals of the National Health Mission-
a) To reduce the Total Fertility Rate to 2.1 
b) To lessen the Infant Mortality Rate to 25 per 1000 live births.
c) To reduce the cases and mortality due to Tuberculosis to half.
d) To limit Malaria cases to less than 1 per 1000 population.
e) To curtail the maternal Mortality Rate to 1 per 1000 live births.
f) To prevent and lessen the disease of Anaemia in women between the age of 15 to 49 years.
g) To promote healthy lifestyles.
h) To control and prevent communicable and non-communicable diseases including locally endemic diseases.

Q4. State the major initiatives under National Health Mission.

Explanation: National Mobile Medical Units, Ayushman Bharat, Rogi Kalyan Samiti, Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram, Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram, Prime Minister National dialysis program, Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana and Free drugs and free diagnostic services are the major initiatives under NHM.

Q5. List the achievements of the National Health Mission.

Explanation- The achievements of NHM are listed as follows-

  • Infant Mortality Rate was reduced to 37 in 2015.
  • The Maternal Mortality Rate was lessened to 167 in 2011- 13.
  • The Total Fertility Rate was curtailed to 2.3 in 2014.
  • In 2016, the annual Malaria incidence was 0.67.
  • National Health Mission supports the world’s largest community health volunteer programme through the Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) and more than 10 lakhs ASHAs and ASHA facilitators are engaged in this system.
  • The National Health mission led to the design and implementation of health sector reforms related to governance, procurement, and technology.
  • Recently, around 20,990 Emergency Response Service Vehicles are functioning under NRHM.
  • There was also growth in public health facilities and improvement in health indicators.

Last Updated : 03 Nov, 2022
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