Morphology of Earthworm – Definition, Classification, Diagram and Examples

The word “Pheretima” was first utilized by Kinberg in 1867. The first Indian worm was portrayed by Prof. Karm Narayan Bhal. The entire nuances of the Indian worm were distributed in “Indian zoological journals on Indian animal types.”

Classification of Earthworm

• Phylum-Annelids (metamericanized and typically lengthened worm-like)
• Class-Clitellata (The division was particular. No parapodia head, nothing special. Essentially an earthbound worm,)
• Order-Haplotaxida or Lumbriculida
• Species-Posthuma

The different types of worms are as per the following

• Megascolex-Found in South India.
• Dravida—Found in South India.
• Eutyphaeus-Found in North India
• Lumbricus-Found in Europe. Most normal types of worms

Habitat and propensities

• Earthworms are cosmopolitan in conveyance. 
• They are tracked down in soggy soil. 
• According to Darwin, one section of land might contain 50,000 worms. 
• They are found 2 to 10 feet in the dirt, so they are called earthworms. 
• Their rearing season is from July to October. 
• Nightcrawlers are portioned, spineless creatures that are ruddy brown in variety. 
• Being earthly, it, for the most part, possesses the upper layer of the clammy soil. 
• It is additionally fossorial. For example, it tunnels through the dirt and lives inside tunnels made in damp soil. 
• They feed on natural matter present in the dirt, and the undigested substances are removed as castings. 
• The openings of the night crawler can be perceived by the presence of castings called pellets. Worms are by and large referred to as ranchers’ companions as the waste stores of night crawlers assist in expanding the fruitfulness of soil and tunneling supports satisfactory air circulation of the dirt. 
• They are found all around the world and range from ocean level to a height of 3000m. 
• Nonetheless, it is more plentiful during the blustery season. 
• The worm is nighttime in nature, meaning it stays dynamic around evening time.

Earthworm Outer Morphology

Mouth

• It is crescentic in shape and lies on the ventral side of the first portion, for example, the peristomium. 
• Dorsal to it, prostomium is available. 

Rear-end

• It is available on the butt-centric fragment, for example, the last fragment. 
• The butt-centric section lies in the upward cut-like opening. 
• Its size is small. 

Male genital pore

• The male genital pores lie ventrolaterally on the eighteenth portion. 
• There are a couple of crescentic gaps. 
• The male conceptive bodies get released through these pores. 

Genital pore in females

• A solitary, minute female genital pore is available in the fourteenth portion mid-ventrally.
• The female regenerative bodies are released through it. 

Dorsal pores

• They are available after 12 portions, aside from the last section. 
• Coelomic liquid seepages out from this pore that greases up the outer layer of the body. 

Nephridiopores

• They are available in all fragments aside from the initial two sections. 
• In a body wall, a few momentary nephridiopores are available. 
• The openings of integumentary nephridia address the nephridiopores. 
• The metabolic squander is released out of the body through these pores. 

Spermathecal Pores

• They are arranged ventrolaterally. 
• They are intersegmental and tracked down in portions 5/6, 6/7, 7/8, and 8/9. 
• The spermatozoa enter the spermatheca through these pores. 
• During fornication, these pores store sperm. 

Genital papillae

• The genital papillae are the most unmistakable designs present on the ventral side of the ampulla of the worm. 
• It is a cone-shaped height tracked down in portions 17 and 19, a couple each. 
• These papillae support a transitory connection in the course of propagation. 

Synopsis of Earthworm Morphology

• Nightcrawler has a place in the class of Oligochaeta. 
• Peristomium is the principal section of a worm. 
• The clitellum is situated in the fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth fragments. 
• In the seventeenth and nineteenth fragments, 2 sets of genital papillae are tracked down. 
• Spermathecal pores lie in the 5/6, 6/7, 7/8, and 8/9 sections. 
• The worm is bisexual. 
• Porphyrin is a skin shade that gives a dull hue. 
• The body hole of a worm is schizocoel. 
• Sperm are put away in spermathecal pores during fornication. 
  

Frequently Asked Questions

Question 1: Which one of the accompanying sorts of the cell is associated with making the inward walls of huge veins?

Answer: 

The squamous epithelium (asphalt epithelium) is comprised of a solitary dainty layer of smoothed cells with sporadic limits. They are tracked down in the walls of veins and air sacs of lungs and are engaged with a capability like shaping a dispersion limit.

Question 2. To which one of the accompanying classifications does fat tissue have a place?

Answer: 

Loose connective tissue has cells and strands inexactly organized in a semi¬fluid ground substance, for instance, areolar tissue present underneath the skin. Fat tissue is a sort of free connective tissue found basically underneath the skin.

Question 3. Which of coming up next is definitely not a connective tissue?

Answer: 

Cartilage, bones, and blood are different sorts of particular connective tissues.

Question 4. The clitellum is an unmistakable part of the group of night crawlers, it is viewed as in?

Answer: 

The clitellum, a conspicuous round band of glandular nature is found from the fourteenth to sixteenth portions. It secretes bodily fluid and egg whites, which help in the arrangement of the casing. It is viewed in Segments 14-15-16

Question 5. Setae help in velocity in worm yet are not consistently present in every one of the fragments. They are available?

Answer: 

Setae help in motion in the night crawler, it is available in every one of the fragments with the exception of the first portion, last section, and clitellar section.