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Minimum array elements to be changed to make Recaman’s sequence

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Given an array arr[] of N elements. The task is to find the minimum number of elements to be changed in the array such that the array contains first N Recaman’s Sequence terms. Note that Recaman terms may be present in any order in the array. 
First few terms of Recaman’s Sequence are: 
 

0, 1, 3, 6, 2, 7, 13, 20, 12, 21, 11, 22, 10, 23, 9, 24, 8, …..

Examples: 
 

Input: arr[] = {44, 0, 2, 3, 9} 
Output:
N = 5 and first 5 Recaman Numbers are 0, 1, 3, 6 and 2 
44 and 9 must be replaced with 6 and 1 
Hence 2 changes are required.
Input: arr[] = {0, 33, 3, 1} 
Output:
 

 

Approach: 
 

  • Insert first N Recaman’s Sequence terms in a set.
  • Traverse the array from left to right and check if array element is present in the set.
  • If current element is present in the set that remove it from the set.
  • Minimum changes required is the size of the final reduced set.

Below is the implementation of the above approach: 
 

C++




// C++ implementation of the approach
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
int recamanGenerator(int arr[], int n)
{
    // First term of the sequence is always 0
    arr[0] = 0;
 
    // Fill remaining terms using recursive
    // formula
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        int temp = arr[i - 1] - i;
        int j;
 
        for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
 
            // If arr[i-1] - i is negative or
            // already exists
            if ((arr[j] == temp) || temp < 0) {
                temp = arr[i - 1] + i;
                break;
            }
        }
 
        arr[i] = temp;
    }
}
 
// Function that returns minimum changes required
int recamanArray(int arr[], int n)
{
 
    // Set to store first n Recaman numbers
    unordered_set<int> s;
 
    // Generate and store
    // first n Recaman numbers
    int recaman[n];
    recamanGenerator(recaman, n);
 
    // Insert first n Recaman numbers to set
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        s.insert(recaman[i]);
 
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 
        // If current element of the array
        // is present in the set
        auto it = s.find(arr[i]);
        if (it != s.end())
            s.erase(it);
    }
 
    // Return the remaining number of
    // elements in the set
    return s.size();
}
 
// Driver code
int main()
{
 
    int arr[] = { 7, 11, 20, 4, 2, 1, 8, 6 };
    int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
 
    cout << recamanArray(arr, n);
 
    return 0;
}


Java




// Java implementation of the approach
import java.util.*;
 
class GFG
{
 
static int recamanGenerator(int arr[], int n)
{
    // First term of the sequence is always 0
    arr[0] = 0;
 
    // Fill remaining terms using recursive
    // formula
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
    {
        int temp = arr[i - 1] - i;
        int j;
 
        for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
        {
 
            // If arr[i-1] - i is negative or
            // already exists
            if ((arr[j] == temp) || temp < 0)
            {
                temp = arr[i - 1] + i;
                break;
            }
        }
 
        arr[i] = temp;
    }
    return 0;
}
 
// Function that returns minimum changes required
static int recamanArray(int arr[], int n)
{
     
 
    // Set to store first n Recaman numbers
    Set<Integer> s=new HashSet<Integer>();
 
    // Generate and store
    // first n Recaman numbers
    int recaman[]=new int[n+1];
    recamanGenerator(recaman, n);
 
    // Insert first n Recaman numbers to set
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        s.add(recaman[i]);
 
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        // If current element of the array
        // is present in the set
        if (s.contains(arr[i]))
            s.remove(arr[i]);
    }
 
    // Return the remaining number of
    // elements in the set
    return s.size();
}
 
// Driver code
public static void main(String args[])
{
 
    int arr[] = { 7, 11, 20, 4, 2, 1, 8, 6 };
    int n = arr.length;
 
    System.out.print( recamanArray(arr, n));
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by Arnab Kundu


Python3




# Python3 implementation of the approach
def recamanGenerator(arr, n):
     
    # First term of the sequence
    # is always 0
    arr[0] = 0
 
    # Fill remaining terms using
    # recursive formula
    for i in range(1, n):
        temp = arr[i - 1] - i
        j = 0
 
        for j in range(i):
 
            # If arr[i-1] - i is negative or
            # already exists
            if ((arr[j] == temp) or temp < 0):
                temp = arr[i - 1] + i
                break
 
        arr[i] = temp
 
# Function that returns minimum
# changes required
def recamanArray(arr, n):
 
    # Set to store first n Recaman numbers
    s = dict()
 
    # Generate and store
    # first n Recaman numbers
    recaman = [0 for i in range(n)]
    recamanGenerator(recaman, n)
 
    # Insert first n Recaman numbers to set
    for i in range(n):
        s[recaman[i]] = s.get(recaman[i], 0) + 1
 
    for i in range(n):
 
        # If current element of the array
        # is present in the set
        if arr[i] in s.keys():
            del s[arr[i]]
 
    # Return the remaining number of
    # elements in the set
    return len(s)
 
# Driver code
arr = [7, 11, 20, 4, 2, 1, 8, 6 ]
n = len(arr)
 
print(recamanArray(arr, n))
 
# This code is contributed
# by mohit kumar


C#




// C# implementation of the approach
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
 
class GFG
{
 
static int recamanGenerator(int []arr, int n)
{
    // First term of the sequence is always 0
    arr[0] = 0;
 
    // Fill remaining terms using recursive
    // formula
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
    {
        int temp = arr[i - 1] - i;
        int j;
 
        for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
        {
 
            // If arr[i-1] - i is negative or
            // already exists
            if ((arr[j] == temp) || temp < 0)
            {
                temp = arr[i - 1] + i;
                break;
            }
        }
 
        arr[i] = temp;
    }
    return 0;
}
 
// Function that returns minimum changes required
static int recamanArray(int []arr, int n)
{
     
    // Set to store first n Recaman numbers
    HashSet<int> s=new HashSet<int>();
 
    // Generate and store
    // first n Recaman numbers
    int[] recaman=new int[n+1];
    recamanGenerator(recaman, n);
 
    // Insert first n Recaman numbers to set
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        s.Add(recaman[i]);
 
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        // If current element of the array
        // is present in the set
        if (s.Contains(arr[i]))
            s.Remove(arr[i]);
    }
 
    // Return the remaining number of
    // elements in the set
    return s.Count;
}
 
// Driver code
static void Main()
{
 
    int []arr = { 7, 11, 20, 4, 2, 1, 8, 6 };
    int n = arr.Length;
 
    Console.Write( recamanArray(arr, n));
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by mits


Javascript




<script>
 
// Javascript implementation of the approach
 
function recamanGenerator(arr, n)
{
    // First term of the sequence is always 0
    arr[0] = 0;
 
    // Fill remaining terms using recursive
    // formula
    for (var i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        var temp = arr[i - 1] - i;
        var j;
 
        for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
 
            // If arr[i-1] - i is negative or
            // already exists
            if ((arr[j] == temp) || temp < 0) {
                temp = arr[i - 1] + i;
                break;
            }
        }
 
        arr[i] = temp;
    }
}
 
// Function that returns minimum changes required
function recamanArray(arr, n)
{
 
    // Set to store first n Recaman numbers
    var s = [];
 
    // Generate and store
    // first n Recaman numbers
    var recaman = Array(n).fill(0);
    recamanGenerator(recaman, n);
 
    // push first n Recaman numbers to set
    for (var i = 0; i < n; i++)
        s.push(recaman[i]);
 
    s.sort((a,b)=> b-a)
 
    for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 
        // If current element of the array
        // is present in the set
        if(s.includes(arr[i]))
        {
            s.splice(s.indexOf(arr[i]), 1);
        }  
    }
 
    // Return the remaining number of
    // elements in the set
    return s.length;
}
 
// Driver code
var arr = [7, 11, 20, 4, 2, 1, 8, 6 ];
var n = arr.length;
document.write( recamanArray(arr, n));
 
 
</script>


Output: 

3

 

Time Complexity: O(n*n)

Auxiliary Space: O(n), The space complexity of the recamanGenerator function is O(n) because it creates an array of size n to store the Recaman sequence. The space complexity of the recamanArray function is O(n) because it creates an unordered set of size n to store the first n Recaman numbers. Hence, the overall space complexity of the function is O(n).



Last Updated : 23 Apr, 2023
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