Maximum sum such that no two elements are adjacent

Given an array of positive numbers, find the maximum sum of a subsequence with the constraint that no 2 numbers in the sequence should be adjacent in the array. So 3 2 7 10 should return 13 (sum of 3 and 10) or 3 2 5 10 7 should return 15 (sum of 3, 5 and 7).Answer the question in most efficient way.

Examples :

Input : arr[] = {5, 5, 10, 100, 10, 5}
Output : 110

Input : arr[] = {1, 2, 3}
Output : 4

Input : arr[] = {1, 20, 3}
Output : 20

Recommended: Please solve it on “PRACTICE ” first, before moving on to the solution.

Algorithm:
Loop for all elements in arr[] and maintain two sums incl and excl where incl = Max sum including the previous element and excl = Max sum excluding the previous element.

Max sum excluding the current element will be max(incl, excl) and max sum including the current element will be excl + current element (Note that only excl is considered because elements cannot be adjacent).

At the end of the loop return max of incl and excl.

Example:

  arr[] = {5,  5, 10, 40, 50, 35}

  incl = 5 
  excl = 0

  For i = 1 (current element is 5)
  incl =  (excl + arr[i])  = 5
  excl =  max(5, 0) = 5

  For i = 2 (current element is 10)
  incl =  (excl + arr[i]) = 15
  excl =  max(5, 5) = 5

  For i = 3 (current element is 40)
  incl = (excl + arr[i]) = 45
  excl = max(5, 15) = 15

  For i = 4 (current element is 50)
  incl = (excl + arr[i]) = 65
  excl =  max(45, 15) = 45

  For i = 5 (current element is 35)
  incl =  (excl + arr[i]) = 80
  excl =  max(65, 45) = 65

And 35 is the last element. So, answer is max(incl, excl) =  80

Thanks to Debanjan for providing code.

Implementation:

C/C++

#include<stdio.h> 
  
/*Function to return max sum such that no two elements 
 are adjacent */
int FindMaxSum(int arr[], int n) 
{ 
  int incl = arr[0]; 
  int excl = 0; 
  int excl_new; 
  int i; 
  
  for (i = 1; i < n; i++) 
  { 
     /* current max excluding i */
     excl_new = (incl > excl)? incl: excl; 
  
     /* current max including i */
     incl = excl + arr[i]; 
     excl = excl_new; 
  } 
  
   /* return max of incl and excl */
   return ((incl > excl)? incl : excl); 
} 
  
/* Driver program to test above function */
int main() 
{ 
  int arr[] = {5, 5, 10, 100, 10, 5}; 
  int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]); 
  printf("%d n", FindMaxSum(arr, n)); 
  return 0; 
} 

Java

class MaximumSum 
{ 
    /*Function to return max sum such that no two elements 
      are adjacent */
    int FindMaxSum(int arr[], int n) 
    { 
        int incl = arr[0]; 
        int excl = 0; 
        int excl_new; 
        int i; 
  
        for (i = 1; i < n; i++) 
        { 
            /* current max excluding i */
            excl_new = (incl > excl) ? incl : excl; 
  
            /* current max including i */
            incl = excl + arr[i]; 
            excl = excl_new; 
        } 
  
        /* return max of incl and excl */
        return ((incl > excl) ? incl : excl); 
    } 
  
    // Driver program to test above functions 
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    { 
        MaximumSum sum = new MaximumSum(); 
        int arr[] = new int[]{5, 5, 10, 100, 10, 5}; 
        System.out.println(sum.FindMaxSum(arr, arr.length)); 
    } 
} 
  
// This code has been contributed by Mayank Jaiswal 

Python

# Function to return max sum such that  
# no two elements are adjacent 
def find_max_sum(arr): 
    incl = 0
    excl = 0
     
    for i in arr: 
          
        # Current max excluding i (No ternary in  
        # Python) 
        new_excl = excl if excl>incl else incl 
         
        # Current max including i 
        incl = excl + i 
        excl = new_excl 
      
    # return max of incl and excl 
    return (excl if excl>incl else incl) 
  
# Driver program to test above function 
arr = [5, 5, 10, 100, 10, 5] 
print find_max_sum(arr) 
  
# This code is contributed by Kalai Selvan 

C#

/* Program to return max sum such that no  
two elements are adjacent */
using System; 
  
class GFG { 
      
    /* Function to return max sum such 
    that no two elements are adjacent */
    static int FindMaxSum(int []arr, int n) 
    { 
        int incl = arr[0]; 
        int excl = 0; 
        int excl_new; 
        int i; 
  
        for (i = 1; i < n; i++) 
        { 
            /* current max excluding i */
            excl_new = (incl > excl) ?  
                            incl : excl; 
  
            /* current max including i */
            incl = excl + arr[i]; 
            excl = excl_new; 
        } 
  
        /* return max of incl and excl */
        return ((incl > excl) ?  
                            incl : excl); 
    } 
  
    // Driver program to test above  
    // functions 
    public static void Main() 
    { 
        int []arr = new int[]{5, 5, 10, 
                              100, 10, 5}; 
                                
        Console.Write( 
             FindMaxSum(arr, arr.Length)); 
    } 
} 
  
// This code has been contributed by 
// nitin mittal 

PHP

<?php 
// PHP code to find Maximum sum  
// such that no two elements  
// are adjacent 
  
/* Function to return max sum 
   such that no two elements 
   are adjacent */
function FindMaxSum($arr, $n) 
{ 
    $incl = $arr[0]; 
    $excl = 0; 
    $excl_new; 
    $i; 
  
for ($i = 1; $i <$n; $i++) 
{ 
      
    // current max excluding i  
    $excl_new = ($incl > $excl)? $incl: $excl; 
  
    // current max including i  
    $incl = $excl + $arr[$i]; 
    $excl = $excl_new; 
} 
  
// return max of incl and excl  
return (($incl > $excl)? $incl : $excl); 
} 
  
// Driver Code 
$arr = array(5, 5, 10, 100, 10, 5); 
$n = sizeof($arr); 
echo FindMaxSum($arr, $n); 
      
// This code is contributed by Ajit 
?> 

Output:

Time Complexity: O(n)

Refer Find maximum possible stolen value from houses for more explanation.

Now try the same problem for an array with negative numbers also.

Please write comments if you find any bug in the above program/algorithm or other ways to solve the same problem.

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My Personal Notes

Recommended: Please solve it on “PRACTICE ” first, before moving on to the solution.

C/C++

Java

Python

C#

PHP

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