Maximum subsequence sum such that no K elements are consecutive
Given an array arr[] of N positive integers, the task is to find the maximum sum of a subsequence consisting of no K consecutive array elements.
Examples:
Input: arr[] = {10, 5, 8, 16, 21}, K = 4
Output: 55
Explanation:
Maximum sum is obtained by picking 10, 8, 16, 21.
Input: arr[] = {4, 12, 22, 18, 34, 12, 25}, K = 5
Output: 111
Explanation:
Maximum sum is obtained by picking 12, 22, 18, 34, 25
Naive Approach: The simplest approach is to generate all the subsets of the given array and for each subset, check if it contains K consecutive array elements or not. For subsets found to be not containing K consecutive array elements, calculate their sum. Find the maximum of the sums of all such subsequences.
Time Complexity: O(N*2N)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)
Efficient Approach: There are many overlapping subproblems in the above solution which are calculated again and again. To avoid recomputation of the same subproblems, the idea is to use Memoization or Tabulation. Follow the steps below to solve the problem:
- Initialize an array dp[] to memorize the maximum value of the sum up to each index.
- Now, dp[i] gives the maximum value of the sum that can be picked such that no K elements are consecutive from the 0th Index till ith index.
- The base case is when i < K :
- Since the array elements are all positive, pick all the elements before (K )th Index.
- So dp[1] = arr [0] and dp[i] = dp[i -1] + arr[i-1], (1 ≤ i < k ).
- Now for i ≥ K :
- Since K consecutive elements cannot be picked, so skip at least one element from i to (i – K + 1) inclusive so to make sure that no K elements are consecutive.
- Since any element can contribute to the result, so skip every element from i to (i – K + 1) inclusive and will keep track of the maximum sum.
- To skip the jth Element, add maximum sum till (j – 1)th Index which is given by dp[j – 1] with the sum of all the elements from (j + 1)th index to ith index which can be calculated in O(1) time using prefix array sum.
- Therefore update the current dp state as: dp[i] = max (dp[i], dp[j -1] + prefix[i] – prefix [j]), (i ≤ j ≤ (i – K + 1)), where prefix array stores the prefix sum.
- Print the maximum sum after the above steps.
Below is the implementation of the above approach:
C++
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int Max_Sum( int arr[], int K, int N)
{
int dp[N + 1];
memset (dp, 0, sizeof (dp));
int prefix[N + 1];
prefix[0] = 0;
for ( int i = 1; i <= N; i++)
{
prefix[i] = prefix[i - 1] + arr[i-1];
}
dp[0] = 0;
for ( int i = 1; i < K ; i++)
{
dp[i] = prefix[i];
}
for ( int i = K ; i <= N; ++i)
{
for ( int j = i; j >= (i - K + 1); j--)
{
dp[i] = max(dp[i], dp[j - 1] +
prefix[i] - prefix[j]);
}
}
return dp[N];
}
int main()
{
int arr[] = { 4, 12, 22, 18, 34, 12, 25 };
int N = sizeof (arr) / sizeof ( int );
int K = 5;
cout << Max_Sum(arr, K, N);
return 0;
}
|
Java
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
class GFG{
public static int Max_Sum( int [] arr, int K,
int N)
{
int [] dp = new int [N + 1 ];
Arrays.fill(dp, 0 );
int [] prefix = new int [N + 1 ];
prefix[ 0 ] = 0 ;
for ( int i = 1 ; i <= N; i++)
{
prefix[i] = prefix[i - 1 ] + arr[i- 1 ];
}
dp[ 0 ] = 0 ;
for ( int i = 1 ; i <= K - 1 ; i++)
{
dp[i] = prefix[i];
}
for ( int i = K ; i <= N; ++i)
{
for ( int j = i; j >= (i - K + 1 ); j--)
{
dp[i] = Math.max(dp[i], dp[j - 1 ] +
prefix[i] - prefix[j]);
}
}
return dp[N];
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int [] arr = { 4 , 12 , 22 , 18 , 34 , 12 , 25 };
int N = arr.length;
int K = 5 ;
System.out.println(Max_Sum(arr, K, N));
}
}
|
Python3
def Max_Sum(arr, K, N):
dp = [ 0 ] * (N + 1 )
prefix = [ None ] * (N + 1 )
prefix[ 0 ] = 0
for i in range ( 1 , N + 1 ):
prefix[i] = prefix[i - 1 ] + arr[i - 1 ]
dp[ 0 ] = 0
for i in range ( 1 , K):
dp[i] = prefix[i]
for i in range (K, N + 1 ):
for j in range (i, i - K, - 1 ):
dp[i] = max (dp[i], dp[j - 1 ] +
prefix[i] - prefix[j])
return dp[N]
if __name__ = = "__main__" :
arr = [ 4 , 12 , 22 , 18 , 34 , 12 , 25 ]
N = len (arr)
K = 5
print (Max_Sum(arr, K, N))
|
C#
using System;
class GFG{
static int Max_Sum( int [] arr, int K, int N)
{
int [] dp = new int [N + 1];
Array.Fill(dp, 0);
int [] prefix = new int [N + 1];
prefix[0] = 0;
for ( int i = 1; i <= N; i++)
{
prefix[i] = prefix[i - 1] + arr[i - 1];
}
dp[0] = 0;
for ( int i = 1; i <= K - 1; i++)
{
dp[i] = prefix[i];
}
for ( int i = K; i <= N; ++i)
{
for ( int j = i; j >= (i - K + 1); j--)
{
dp[i] = Math.Max(dp[i], dp[j - 1] +
prefix[i] - prefix[j]);
}
}
return dp[N];
}
static public void Main()
{
int [] arr = { 4, 12, 22, 18, 34, 12, 25 };
int N = arr.Length;
int K = 5;
Console.WriteLine(Max_Sum(arr, K, N));
}
}
|
Javascript
<script>
function Max_Sum(arr, K, N)
{
var dp = Array(N+1).fill(0);
var prefix = Array(N+1);
prefix[0] = 0;
for ( var i = 1; i <= N; i++)
{
prefix[i] = prefix[i - 1] + arr[i-1];
}
dp[0] = 0;
for ( var i = 1; i < K ; i++)
{
dp[i] = prefix[i];
}
for ( var i = K ; i <= N; ++i)
{
for ( var j = i; j >= (i - K + 1); j--)
{
dp[i] = Math.max(dp[i], dp[j - 1] +
prefix[i] - prefix[j]);
}
}
return dp[N];
}
var arr = [4, 12, 22, 18, 34, 12, 25];
var N = arr.length;
var K = 5;
document.write( Max_Sum(arr, K, N));
</script>
|
Time Complexity: O(N*K) where N is the number of elements in the array and K is the input such that no K elements are consecutive.
Auxiliary Space: O(N)
Last Updated :
26 May, 2021
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