Matplotlib.axes.Axes.magnitude_spectrum() in Python

Matplotlib is a library in Python and it is numerical – mathematical extension for NumPy library. The Axes Class contains most of the figure elements: Axis, Tick, Line2D, Text, Polygon, etc., and sets the coordinate system. And the instances of Axes supports callbacks through a callbacks attribute.

matplotlib.axes.Axes.magnitude_spectrum() Function

The Axes.magnitude_spectrum() function in axes module of matplotlib library is used to plot the magnitude spectrum.

Syntax: Axes.magnitude_spectrum(self, x, Fs=None, Fc=None, window=None, pad_to=None, sides=None, *, data=None, **kwargs)

Parameters: This method accept the following parameters that are described below:

• x: This parameter is a sequence of data.
• Fs : This parameter is a scalar. Its default value is 2.
• window: This parameter take a data segment as an argument and return the windowed version of the segment. Its default value is window_hanning()
• sides: This parameter specifies which sides of the spectrum to return. This can have following values : ‘default’, ‘onesided’ and ‘twosided’.
• pad_to : This parameter contains the integer value to which the data segment is padded.
• Fc: This parameter is also contains the integer value to offsets the x extents of the plot to reflect the frequency range. Its default value is 0

Returns: This returns the following:

• spectrum :This returns the angle spectrum in radians.
• freqs :This returns the frequencies corresponding to the elements in spectrum.
• line : This returns the line created by this function.

The resultant is (spectrum, freqs, line)

Below examples illustrate the matplotlib.axes.Axes.magnitude_spectrum() function in matplotlib.axes:

Example 1:

# Implementation of matplotlib function
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
np.random.seed(10**5)

dt = 0.0001
Fs = 1 / dt
geeks = np.array([22.00, 61.90, 7.80,
                  24.40, 110.25, 20.05,
                  15.00, 22.80, 34.90,
                  57.30])

nse = np.random.randn(len(geeks))
r = np.exp(-geeks / 0.05)

s = 0.5 * np.sin(1.5 * np.pi * geeks) + nse

# plot magnitude_spectrum
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.magnitude_spectrum(s, Fs = Fs,
                      color ="green")

ax.set_title('matplotlib.axes.Axes.magnitude_spectrum()\
Example')

plt.show()

Output:

Example 2:

# Implementation of matplotlib function
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
np.random.seed(0)

dt = 0.01
Fs = 1 / dt
t = np.arange(0, 10, dt)
res = np.random.randn(len(t))
r = np.exp(-t / 0.05)

cres = np.convolve(res, r)*dt
cres = cres[:len(t)]
s = 0.5 * np.sin(1.5 * np.pi * t) + cres

# plot simple spectrum
fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(2, 1)
ax1.plot(t, s, color ="green")

# plot magnitude_spectrum
ax2.magnitude_spectrum(s, Fs = Fs,
                       color ="green")

ax1.set_title('matplotlib.axes.Axes.magnitude_spectrum()\
Example')

plt.show()

Output: