Matplotlib.axes.Axes.hist() in Python
Last Updated :
13 Apr, 2020
Matplotlib is a library in Python and it is numerical – mathematical extension for NumPy library. The Axes Class contains most of the figure elements: Axis, Tick, Line2D, Text, Polygon, etc., and sets the coordinate system. And the instances of Axes supports callbacks through a callbacks attribute.
matplotlib.axes.Axes.hist() Function
The Axes.hist() function in axes module of matplotlib library is used to plot a histogram.
Syntax: Axes.hist(self, x, bins=None, range=None, density=None, weights=None, cumulative=False, bottom=None, histtype=’bar’, align=’mid’, orientation=’vertical’, rwidth=None, log=False, color=None, label=None, stacked=False, normed=None, *, data=None, **kwargs)
Parameters: This method accept the following parameters that are described below:
- x : This parameter are the sequence of data.
- bins : This parameter is an optional parameter and it contains the integer or sequence or string.
- range : This parameter is an optional parameter and it the lower and upper range of the bins.
- density : This parameter is an optional parameter and it contains the boolean values.
- weights : This parameter is an optional parameter and it is an array of weights, of the same shape as x.
- bottom : This parameter is the location of the bottom baseline of each bin.
- histtype : This parameter is an optional parameter and it is used to draw type of histogram. {‘bar’, ‘barstacked’, ‘step’, ‘stepfilled’}
- align : This parameter is an optional parameter and it controls how the histogram is plotted. {‘left’, ‘mid’, ‘right’}
- rwidth : This parameter is an optional parameter and it is a relative width of the bars as a fraction of the bin width
- log : This parameter is an optional parameter and it is used to set histogram axis to a log scale
- color : This parameter is an optional parameter and it is a color spec or sequence of color specs, one per dataset.
- label : This parameter is an optional parameter and it is a string, or sequence of strings to match multiple datasets.
- normed : This parameter is an optional parameter and it contains the boolean values.It uses the density keyword argument instead.
Returns: This returns the following:
- n :This returns the values of the histogram bins.
- bins :This returns the edges of the bins.
- patches :This returns the list of individual patches used to create the histogram.
Below examples illustrate the matplotlib.axes.Axes.hexbin() function in matplotlib.axes:
Example-1:
import matplotlib
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed( 10 * * 7 )
mu = 121
sigma = 21
x = mu + sigma * np.random.randn( 1000 )
num_bins = 100
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
n, bins, patches = ax.hist(x, num_bins,
density = 1 ,
color = 'green' ,
alpha = 0.7 )
y = (( 1 / (np.sqrt( 2 * np.pi) * sigma)) *
np.exp( - 0.5 * ( 1 / sigma * (bins - mu)) * * 2 ))
ax.plot(bins, y, '--' , color = 'black' )
ax.set_xlabel( 'X-Axis' )
ax.set_ylabel( 'Y-Axis' )
ax.set_title( 'matplotlib.axes.Axes.hist() Example' )
plt.show()
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Output:
Example-2:
import matplotlib
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed( 10 * * 7 )
n_bins = 20
x = np.random.randn( 10000 , 3 )
fig, [(ax0, ax1), (ax2, ax3)] = plt.subplots(nrows = 2 ,
ncols = 2 )
colors = [ 'green' , 'blue' , 'lime' ]
ax0.hist(x, n_bins, density = True ,
histtype = 'bar' ,
color = colors,
label = colors)
ax0.legend(prop = { 'size' : 10 })
ax1.hist(x, n_bins, density = True ,
histtype = 'barstacked' ,
stacked = True ,
color = colors)
ax2.hist(x, n_bins, histtype = 'step' ,
stacked = True ,
fill = False ,
color = colors)
x_multi = [np.random.randn(n) for n in [ 100000 ,
80000 ,
1000 ]]
ax3.hist(x_multi, n_bins,
histtype = 'stepfilled' ,
color = colors)
plt.show()
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Output:
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