Matlab | Dilation of an Image

Last Updated : 07 Jun, 2019

Morphology is known as the broad set of image processing operations that process images based on the shapes. It is also known as a tool used for extracting image components that are useful in representation and description of region shape.

The basic morphological operations are:
1. Erosion
2. Dilation

Dilation –

Dilation expands the image pixels i.e. it is used for expanding an element A by using structuring element B.
Dilation adds pixels to object boundaries.
The value of the output pixel is the maximum value of all the pixels in the neighborhood. A pixel is set to 1 if any of the neighboring pixels have the value 1.

Approach:

Read the RGB image.
Using function im2bw(), convert the RGB image to binary image.
Create a structuring element or you can use any predefined mask eg. fspecial(‘sobel’).
Store the number of rows and columns in and array and loop through it.
Create a zero matrix of the size same as of the size of our image.
Leaving the boundary pixels start moving the structuring element on the image and start comparing the pixel with the pixels present in neighborhood.
If the value of neighborhood pixel is 1, then change the value of that pixel to 1.

Below is the Matlab code for Dilation :

% read image
  
I=imread('lenna.png');     
  
% convert to binary
I=im2bw(I);  
  
% create structuring element             
se=ones(5, 5); 
  
% store number of rows in P and number of columns in Q.           
[P, Q]=size(se); 
  
% create a zero matrix of size I.        
In=zeros(size(I, 1), size(I, 2)); 
  
for i=ceil(P/2):size(I, 1)-floor(P/2)
    for j=ceil(Q/2):size(I, 2)-floor(Q/2)
  
        % take all the neighbourhoods.
        on=I(i-floor(P/2):i+floor(P/2), j-floor(Q/2):j+floor(Q/2));  
         
        % take logical se
        nh=on(logical(se));    
  
        % compare and take minimum value of the neighbor 
        % and set the pixel value to that minimum value.    
        In(i, j)=max(nh(:));      
    end
end
  
imshow(In);

Input Image:

Output Image:

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Matlab | Dilation of an Image

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