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MATLAB | Complement colors in a Binary image

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Binary image is a digital image that has only two possible value for each pixel – either 1 or 0, where 0 represents white and 1 represents black. In the complement of a binary image, the image pixel having value zeros become ones and the image pixel having value ones become zeros; i.e white and black color of the image is reversed.

Complementing Binary image using MATLAB library function :




% read a Binary Image in MATLAB Environment
img=imread('geeksforgeeks.jpg');
  
% complement binary image
% using imcomplement() function
comp=imcomplement(img);
  
% Display Complemented Binary Image 
imshow(comp);


 

Complementing Binary image without using library function :

We can complement a binary image by subtracting each pixel value from maximum possible pixel value a binary image pixel can have (i.e 1 ), and the difference is used as the pixel value in the complemented image. It means if an image pixel have value 1 then, in complemented binary image same pixel will have value ( 1 – 1 ) = 0 and if Binary image pixel have value 0 then, in complemented binary image same pixel will have value ( 1 – 0 ) = 1.

Below is the Implementation of above idea-




% This function will take a Binary image as input
% and will complement the colors in it.
  
function [complement] = complementBinary(img)
       
    % Determine the number of rows and columns
    % in the binary image array
   
    [x, y]=size(img);
     
    % create a array of same number rows and
    % columns as original binary image array
    complement=zeros(x, y);
      
    % loop to subtract 1 to each pixel.
    for i=1:x
        for j=1:y
              complement(i, j) = 1-img(i, j);
        end
   end
end
  
  
%  Driver Code
  
% read a Binary  Image in MATLAB Environment
img=imread('geeksforgeeks.jpg');
  
% call complementBinary() function to
% complement colors in the binary Image
comp=complementBinary(img);
  
% Display complemented Binary image
imshow(result);


 
Alternate way :

In MATLAB, Arrays are basic data structure.They can be manipulated very easily. For example Array = 1 - Array ;
Above code will subtract each element of the array from 1. So, Instead of using two loops to subtract 1 to each pixel of binary image. We can directly write it as –
comp=1-img
Here ‘img’ is our binary image array.

Below code will also complement a binary Image




% read a Binary Image in MATLAB Environment
img=imread('geeksforgeeks.jpg');
  
% complement each pixel by subtracting it from  1 
comp=1-img;
  
% Display Complemented binary Image 
imshow(comp);


Input:
Binary Image

Output:
Complemented binary Image

 

References : https://in.mathworks.com/help/images/ref/imcomplement.html



Last Updated : 12 Sep, 2018
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