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Lithium Bromide Formula – Structure, Properties, Uses, Sample Questions

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Lithium bromide is a lithium-bromine ionic compound. Lithium is a three-electron alkali metal. Lithium has a 2,1 electronic structure. It possesses one electron in its valence shell as a result. Bromine, on the other hand, is a non-metal with 35 electrons in its single atom. It has a 2,8,18,7 electrical arrangement. It has 7 electrons in its valence shell as a result. Lithium can take on an electrical configuration similar to that of the nearest noble gas. He may achieve an electronic configuration similar to the nearest noble gas Kr by giving one electron, whereas bromine can get an electronic configuration similar to the nearest noble gas Kr by receiving one electron. As a result, Li gives one electron to bromine, resulting in the formation of an ionic connection. As a result, both elements achieve stability by adopting an electronic configuration similar to that of the nearest noble gas, resulting in the formation of the novel compound LiBr.

Lithium Bromide Formula

Lithium Bromide’s Formula is LiBr. The transfer of an electron from lithium to bromine forms an ionic link in lithium bromide. Lithium contributes one electron, resulting in the formation of a cation, or a positive charge, Li+. Bromine generates an anion or has a negative charge Br when it receives an electron. Lithium bromide has a cubic crystal shape.

Structure of Lithium Bromide 

 

Physical Properties of Lithium Bromide 

  1. LiBr is its chemical formula.
  2. Lithium bromide has a boiling point of 1265° Celsius.
  3. Lithium bromide has a melting point of 552°Celsius.
  4. It’s a whitish, hygroscopic solid.
  5. It has a molar mass of 86.845 grams per mol.
  6. It has a density of 3.464 g/cm3.
  7. It is water-soluble. As the temperature rises, so does its solubility in water. At 0°C, its solubility in water is 143 g/100 ml, but as the temperature rises to 20°C, it becomes 166.7 g/100 ml.
  8. It’s also soluble in methanol, ethanol, ether, acetone, and other organic solvents. In pyridine, it is mildly soluble.
  9. It is not combustible.
  10. Many polar organic molecules, such as cellulose, can be dissolved by it.
  11. It is a stable substance that does not react easily in nature.
  12. Its anhydrous form, like NaCl, forms cubic crystals.

Chemical Properties of Lithium Bromide 

  • When lithium bromide reacts with chlorine, the chlorine replaces the bromine, resulting in lithium chloride. There is just a single displacement reaction in this situation.

Cl2 + 2LiBr → Br2 + 2LiCl

  • Lithium bromide creates lithium nitrate and silver bromide when it interacts with silver nitrate.

LiBr + AgNO3 → LiNO3 + AgBr 

Uses of Lithium Bromide

  1. It is utilized in air – Conditioning machines as a desiccant because of its hygroscopic nature. It is used with water in absorption chilling in air conditioners.
  2. It is used to supply many inorganic compounds as nicely along with lithium chloride etc.
  3. It changed into used as a sedative inside the early 1900s however because of a few unfavorable consequences at the heart, docs stopped its usage of it as a sedative.
  4. It is used in the synthesis of olefins for catalytic dehydrohalogenation.
  5. It is utilized in fridges as a non – CFC opportunity as because of its hygroscopic nature it may without problems take in extra vapor. Thus, it makes the machine environmentally friendly.
  6. It is utilized in emulsions as it’s miles soluble in ether and different natural solvents.
  7. It’s employed in the production of a variety of natural chemicals.
  8. It is used in the production of various medications, as well as in prescribed drugs.
  9. Bipolar disorder has been treated with lithium chloride and lithium bromide.

Sample Questions

Question 1: How to prepare Lithium Bromide?

Answer:

Lithium bromide can be made by reacting lithium carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrobromic acid 

Li2CO3 + HBr → LiBr + CO2 + H2O

Question 2: Why LiBr is ionic?

Answer:

The transfer of an electron from lithium to bromine forms an ionic link in lithium bromide. Lithium contributes one electron, resulting in the formation of a cation, or a positive charge, Li+. Bromine generates an anion or has a negative charge Br when it receives an electron. Lithium bromide has a cubic crystal shape.

Question 3: Why is lithium bromide an absorption chiller?

Answer:

Due to its chemical affinity, lithium bromide (LiBr) has the ability to absorb water (refrigerant). It has a direct relationship with concentration and an inverse relationship with temperature. When LiBr is diluted, it loses its ability to absorb water vapor. As a result, it must be re-concentrated using a Heat Source.

Question 4: What will happen when lithium bromide reacts with chlorine?

Answer:

Lithium chloride is formed when lithium bromide combines with chlorine and the chlorine replaces the bromine. In this circumstance, this is single displacement reaction.

Cl2 + 2LiBr → Br2 + 2LiCl

Question 5: What will happen when lithium bromide reacts with silver nitrate?

Answer:

When lithium bromide reacts with silver nitrate, it produces lithium nitrate and silver bromide.

LiBr + AgNO3 → LiNO3 + AgBr

Question 6: What are the uses of Lithium Bromide?

Answer:

  • It is utilized for catalytic dehydrohalogenation during the synthesis of olefins.
  • It is used in refrigerators as a non-CFC alternative because of its hygroscopic characteristic, which allows it to easily absorb additional vapor. As a result, the machine is environmentally beneficial.
  • Because it’s soluble in ether and other natural solvents, it’s used in emulsions.
  • It’s used in the manufacture of a wide range of natural compounds.
  • It’s used to make a variety of pharmaceuticals, as well as prescription drugs.
  • Lithium chloride and lithium bromide have been used to treat bipolar disorder.

Question 7: What are the physical properties of Lithium Bromide?

Answer:

  • Its chemical formula is LiBr.
  • The boiling point of lithium bromide is 1265°Celsius.
  • The melting point of lithium bromide is 552° Celsius.
  • It’s a hygroscopic whitish solid.
  • The molar mass of this substance is 86.845 grams per mol.
  • It has a density of 3.464 g/cm3.


Last Updated : 20 Dec, 2023
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