Largest sphere that can be inscribed in a right circular cylinder inscribed in a frustum

Given here is a frustum of height h, top-radius r & base-radius R, which inscribes a right circular cylinder which in turn inscribes a sphere . The task is to find the largest possible volume of this sphere.

Examples:

Input: r = 5, R = 8, h = 11
Output: 523.333

Input: r = 9, R = 14, h = 20
Output:3052.08

Approach: Let the height of the cylinder = H, radius of the sphere = x
We know, the height and radius of the cylinder inscribed within the frustum is equal to the height and top-radius of the frustum respectively(Please refer here).So the height of the cylinder = h, radius of the cylinder = r. 
Also, radius of the sphere inscribed within a cylinder is equal to radius of the cylinder(Please refer here), so x = r. 
So, volume of the sphere, V = 4*π*r^3/3.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

C++

// C++ Program to find the biggest sphere
// that can be inscribed within a right
// circular cylinder which in turn is inscribed
// within a frustum
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

// Function to find the biggest sphere
float sph(float r, float R, float h)
{

    // the radii and height cannot be negative
    if (r < 0 && R < 0 && h < 0)
        return -1;

    // radius of the sphere
    float x = r;

    // volume of the sphere
    float V = (4 * 3.14 * pow(r, 3)) / 3;

    return V;
}

// Driver code
int main()
{
    float r = 5, R = 8, h = 11;
    cout << sph(r, R, h) << endl;

    return 0;
}

Java

// Java Program to find the biggest sphere
// that can be inscribed within a right
// circular cylinder which in turn is inscribed
// within a frustum
import java.lang.Math;

class gfg
{

// Function to find the biggest sphere
static float sph(float r, float R, float h)
{

    // the radii and height cannot be negative
    if (r < 0 && R < 0 && h < 0)
        return -1;

    // radius of the sphere
    float x = r;

    // volume of the sphere
    float V = (float)(4 * 3.14f * Math.pow(r, 3)) / 3;

    return V;
}

// Driver code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
    float r = 5, R = 8, h = 11;
    System.out.println(sph(r, R, h));
}
}

// This Code is contributed by Code_Mech.

Python3

# Python3 Program to find the biggest sphere
# that can be inscribed within a right
# circular cylinder which in turn is inscribed
# within a frustum
import math as mt

# Function to find the biggest sphere
def sph(r, R, h):

    # the radii and height cannot
    # be negative
    if (r < 0 and R < 0 and h < 0):
        return -1

    # radius of the sphere
    x = r

    # volume of the sphere
    V = (4 * 3.14 * pow(r, 3)) / 3

    return V

# Driver code
r, R, h = 5, 8, 11
print(sph(r, R, h))

# This code is contributed by
# Mohit kumar 29

C#

// C# Program to find the biggest sphere
// that can be inscribed within a right
// circular cylinder which in turn is
// inscribed within a frustum
using System;

class gfg
{

    // Function to find the biggest sphere
    static float sph(float r, float R, float h)
    {

        // the radii and height
        // cannot be negative
        if (r < 0 && R < 0 && h < 0)
            return -1;

        // radius of the sphere
        float x = r;

        // volume of the sphere
        float V = (float)(4 * 3.14f *
                    Math.Pow(r, 3)) / 3;

        return V;
    }

    // Driver code
    public static void Main()
    {
        float r = 5, R = 8, h = 11;
        Console.WriteLine(sph(r, R, h));
    }
}

// This code is contributed by Ryuga

PHP

<?php
// PHP Program to find the biggest sphere
// that can be inscribed within a right
// circular cylinder which in turn is
// inscribed within a frustum Function
// to find the biggest sphere

function sph($r, $R, $h)
{

    // the radii and height
    // cannot be negative
    if ($r < 0 && $R < 0 && $h < 0)
        return -1;

    // radius of the sphere
    $x = $r;

    // volume of the sphere
    $V = (4 * 3.14 * pow($r, 3)) / 3;

    return $V;
}

// Driver code
    $r = 5;
    $R = 8;
    $h = 11;
    echo sph($r, $R, $h);

#This Code is contributed by ajit..
?>

Javascript

<script>

// javascript Program to find the biggest sphere
// that can be inscribed within a right
// circular cylinder which in turn is inscribed
// within a frustum


// Function to find the biggest sphere
function sph(r , R , h)
{

    // the radii and height cannot be negative
    if (r < 0 && R < 0 && h < 0)
        return -1;

    // radius of the sphere
    var x = r;

    // volume of the sphere
    var V = ((4 * 3.14 * Math.pow(r, 3)) / 3);

    return V;
}

// Driver code
 var r = 5, R = 8, h = 11;
document.write(sph(r, R, h).toFixed(5));

// This code is contributed by Amit Katiyar

</script>

Output:

523.333

Time Complexity: O(1)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)