JavaScript Comma operator

Last Updated : 09 Sep, 2020

Below is the example of the Comma operator.

Example:

<script> 
    function x() { 
        document.write('one'+"</br>"); 
        return 'one'; 
    } 
    function y() { 
        document.write('two'+"</br>"); 
        return 'two'; 
    } 
    function z() { 
        document.write('three'+"</br>"); 
        return 'three'; 
    } 
  
    // Three expressions are 
    // given at one place 
    var x = (x(), y(), z()); 
  
    document.write(x); 
</script> 

Output:
```
one
two
three
three
```

A comma operator (,) in JavaScript is used in the same way as it is used in many programming languages like C, C++, Java, etc. This operator mainly evaluates its operands from left to right sequentially and returns the value of the rightmost operand. A comma operator is used as a separator for multiple expressions at a place that requires a single expression. When a comma operator is placed in an expression, it executes each expression and returns the rightmost expression.

Syntax:

Expression1, Expression2, Expression3, ....so on

In the above syntax, multiple expressions are separated using a comma operator. During execution, each expression will be executed from left to right and the rightmost expression will be returned.

Example:

<script>
    function x() {
        document.write('Welcome');
        return 'Welcome';
    }
    function y() {
        document.write('to');
        return 'to';
    }
    function z() {
        document.write('Geeksforgeeks');
        return 'Geeksforgeeks';
    }
  
    // Three expressions are 
    // given at one place
    var x = (x(), y(), z());
  
    document.write(x);
</script>

Output:

In the output, first of all the function x() is executed then y() and lastly z(). Finally, comma operator returns rightmost expression.

The most useful application of comma operator is in loops. In loops, it is used to update multiple variables in the same expression.

Example:

<script> 
for (var a = 0, b =5; a <= 5; a++, b--) {
  document.write(a, b);
}
</script> 

Output:

Supported Browsers:

Google Chrome
Internet Explorer
Firefox
Apple Safari
Opera

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