Java Program to Print Stack Trace

Consider a bookshelf in which books are placed one over another. Now if the person wants to read the book which he placed first, in order to do so all books over the first book are needed to be removed to reach out to the desired book. That is the book that was placed first at the beginning itself. The method by which the computer stores books known as elements in such a fashion is called Stack. 

It is an abstract data type which has the following operations:

Operations	Action
push()	Inserting elements
pop()	Deleting elements
isEmpty()	To check if the stack is empty
isFull()	To check if the stack is already full
top() OR peek()	To access top element from the stack

 Now as per the functions in Stacks, an exception is thrown in 3 cases:

• If the stack is full when push is called
• Pop to remove and return the value at the top of the stack. 
• If the stack is empty when pop is called.

In order to print the exception, there is a method for this data structure known as printstackTrace(). It is used in the Exception handler of a particular Exception to handle the Exception. This is a method of Java’s throwable class that prints the throwable Exception object as well as with other Information like the line number where Exception occurs and class name where the exception occurred. Throwable is super-class for all exception classes.

Both the stack traces are discussed below:

1. Single Line Stack trace
2. Multi-Line Stack trace

A. Single Line Stack trace: Most of the generic exceptions fall in this category. There are several exceptions but in order for implementation part ‘ArrayIndexOutOfBound‘ is taken into consideration for implementation

Java

// Importing Classes/Files
import java.io.*;

class GFG {

    // Main Driver Method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Inserting elements into array
        int a[] = { 1, 2, 3 };

        // Try-Catch Block
        try {
            // Exception occurs
            System.out.println(a[5]);
        }

        // Try-Catch Block
        catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {

            // Printing Exception Object as well as
            // the line where Exception occur
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Runtime Error:

java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 5 out of bounds for length 3
    at GFG.main(File.java:9)

B. Multi–Line Stack Trace: This condition occurs when we call the function inside into another function and if any function throws Exception retrace all the path where it calls with the printstackTrace() Method.

Java

// Importing Classes/Files
import java.io.*;

class GFG {

    // Creating random function to test
    static void check2()
    {
        // Try-catch block for exception
        try {

            int a = 5 / 0;
            // Exception occur as logically
            // In math '/' operatop satisfies x/y where y!=0
        }

        // Catch Block to catch exception if occurs
        catch (Exception e) {

            // retrace all the path where this function call
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    // calling  the function check2()
    static void check() { check2(); }

    // Driver Main Method
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        check(); // calling the function check()
    }
}

Runtime Error:

java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
    at GFG.check2(File.java:11)
    at GFG.check(File.java:7)
    at GFG.main(File.java:19)