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Java Program For Swapping Kth Node From Beginning With Kth Node From End In A Linked List

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Given a singly linked list, swap kth node from beginning with kth node from end. Swapping of data is not allowed, only pointers should be changed. This requirement may be logical in many situations where the linked list data part is huge (For example student details line Name, RollNo, Address, ..etc). The pointers are always fixed (4 bytes for most of the compilers).
Example:

Input: 1 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4 -> 5, K = 2
Output: 1 -> 4 -> 3 -> 2 -> 5 
Explanation: The 2nd node from 1st is 2 and 
2nd node from last is 4, so swap them.

Input: 1 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4 -> 5, K = 5
Output: 5 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4 -> 1 
Explanation: The 5th node from 1st is 5 and 
5th node from last is 1, so swap them.

Illustration:

Approach: The idea is very simple find the k th node from the start and the kth node from last is n-k+1 th node from start. Swap both the nodes. 
However there are some corner cases, which must be handled

  1. Y is next to X
  2. X is next to Y
  3. X and Y are same
  4. X and Y don’t exist (k is more than number of nodes in linked list)

Below is the implementation of the above approach.

Java




// A Java program to swap kth
// node from the beginning with
// kth node from the end
  
class Node 
{
    int data;
    Node next;
    Node(int d)
    {
        data = d;
        next = null;
    }
}
  
class LinkedList 
{
    Node head;
  
    /* Utility function to insert 
       a node at the beginning */
    void push(int new_data)
    {
        Node new_node = 
             new Node(new_data);
        new_node.next = head;
        head = new_node;
    }
  
    /* Utility function for displaying 
       linked list */
    void printList()
    {
        Node node = head;
        while (node != null
        {
            System.out.print(node.data + " ");
            node = node.next;
        }
        System.out.println("");
    }
  
    /* Utility function for calculating 
       length of linked list */
    int countNodes()
    {
        int count = 0;
        Node s = head;
        while (s != null) {
            count++;
            s = s.next;
        }
        return count;
    }
  
    /* Function for swapping kth nodes from 
       both ends of linked list */
    void swapKth(int k)
    {
        // Count nodes in linked list
        int n = countNodes();
  
        // Check if k is valid
        if (n < k)
            return;
  
        // If x (kth node from start) and
        // y(kth node from end) are same
        if (2 * k - 1 == n)
            return;
  
        // Find the kth node from beginning of 
        // linked list. We also find previous 
        // of kth node because we need to update 
        // next pointer of the previous.
        Node x = head;
        Node x_prev = null;
        for (int i = 1; i < k; i++) 
        {
            x_prev = x;
            x = x.next;
        }
  
        // Similarly, find the kth node from end 
        // and its previous. kth node from end 
        // is (n-k+1)th node from beginning
        Node y = head;
        Node y_prev = null;
        for (int i = 1; i < n - k + 1; i++) 
        {
            y_prev = y;
            y = y.next;
        }
  
        // If x_prev exists, then new next of it 
        // will be y. Consider the case when y->next 
        // is x, in this case, x_prev and y are same. 
        // So the statement "x_prev->next = y" creates 
        // a self loop. This self loop will be broken 
        // when we change y->next.
        if (x_prev != null)
            x_prev.next = y;
  
        // Same thing applies to y_prev
        if (y_prev != null)
            y_prev.next = x;
  
        // Swap next pointers of x and y. These 
        // statements also break self loop if 
        // x->next is y or y->next is x
        Node temp = x.next;
        x.next = y.next;
        y.next = temp;
  
        // Change head pointers when k is 1 or n
        if (k == 1)
            head = y;
  
        if (k == n)
            head = x;
    }
  
    // Driver code 
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        LinkedList llist = 
                   new LinkedList();
        for (int i = 8; i >= 1; i--)
            llist.push(i);
  
        System.out.print(
        "Original linked list: ");
        llist.printList();
        System.out.println("");
  
        for (int i = 1; i < 9; i++) 
        {
            llist.swapKth(i);
            System.out.println(
            "Modified List for k = " + i);
            llist.printList();
            System.out.println("");
        }
    }
}


Output:

Original Linked List: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Modified List for k = 1
8 2 3 4 5 6 7 1

Modified List for k = 2
8 7 3 4 5 6 2 1

Modified List for k = 3
8 7 6 4 5 3 2 1

Modified List for k = 4
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Modified List for k = 5
8 7 6 4 5 3 2 1

Modified List for k = 6
8 7 3 4 5 6 2 1

Modified List for k = 7
8 2 3 4 5 6 7 1

Modified List for k = 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Complexity Analysis:

  • Time Complexity: O(n), where n is the length of the list. 
    One traversal of the list is needed.
  • Auxiliary Space: O(1). 
    No extra space is required.

Please refer complete article on Swap Kth node from beginning with Kth node from end in a Linked List for more details!



Last Updated : 23 Dec, 2021
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