Java 8 | BigInteger shortValueExact() Method with Examples

java.math.BigInteger.shortValueExact() was introduced in Java 8. It is an inbuilt function which converts the value of BigInteger to a short and checks for lost information. If the value of BigInteger is greater than 32,767 or less than -32,768; the method will throw ArithmeticException as BigInteger doesn’t fit in short range.

Syntax:

public short shortValueExact()

Return Value: This method returns the short value of this BigInteger.

Exception: The method throws ArithmeticException if the value of BigInteger is greater than 32,767 or less than -32,768; as this range doesn’t fit in short range.

Example:

Input: 15,564
Output: 15,564
Explanation: 15,564 is given as input which is BigInteger
and short value of 15,564 is 15,564

Input: -17,584
Output: -17,584
Explanation: -17,584 is given as input which is BigInteger 
and short value of -17,584 is -17,584

Input: 40000
Output: ArithmeticException
Explanation: When 40000 is tried to convert to short,
since 40000 > 32,767 (greater than a short's range), 
therefore it throws an arithmetic exception.

Below programs illustrates shortValueExact() method of BigInteger class:

Program 1: To demonstrate shortValueExact() method for positive number <32,767

// Java program to demonstrate shortValueExact()
// method of BigInteger Class

import java.math.*;

public class GFG {

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Creating a BigInteger object
        BigInteger big;
        big = new BigInteger("15564");

        // print value of BigInteger
        System.out.println("BigInteger value : "
                           + big);

        // convert big to the short value
        short b1 = big.shortValueExact();

        // print short value
        System.out.println("short converted value : "
                           + b1);
    }
}

Output:

BigInteger value : 15564
short converted value : 15564

Program 2: To demonstrate shortValueExact() method for negative number >-32,768

// Java program to demonstrate shortValueExact()
// method of BigInteger Class

import java.math.*;

public class GFG {

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {

        // Creating a BigInteger object
        BigInteger big = new BigInteger("-17584");

        // print value of BigInteger
        System.out.println("BigInteger value : "
                           + big);

        // convert big to the short value
        short b1 = big.shortValueExact();

        // print short value
        System.out.println("short converted value : "
                           + b1);
    }
}

Output:

BigInteger value : -17584
short converted value : -17584

Program 3: To demonstrate shortValueExact() method for negative number <-32,768. It will throw Arithmetic Exception

// Java program to demonstrate shortValueExact()
// method of BigInteger Class

import java.math.*;

public class GFG {

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {

        // Creating a BigInteger object
        BigInteger big = new BigInteger("-40000");

        // print value of BigInteger
        System.out.println("BigInteger value : "
                           + big);

        try {
            // convert big to the short value
            short b1 = big.shortValueExact();

            // print short value
            System.out.println("short converted value : "
                               + b1);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Exception: " + e);
        }
    }
}

Output:

BigInteger value : -40000
Exception: java.lang.ArithmeticException: BigInteger out of short range

Program 4: To demonstrate shortValueExact() method for positive number >32,767. It will throw Arithmetic Exception

// Java program to demonstrate shortValueExact()
// method of BigInteger Class

import java.math.*;

public class GFG {

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {

        // Creating a BigInteger object
        BigInteger big = new BigInteger("40000");

        // print value of BigInteger
        System.out.println("BigInteger value : "
                           + big);

        try {
            // convert big to the short value
            short b1 = big.shortValueExact();

            // print short value
            System.out.println("short converted value : "
                               + b1);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Exception: " + e);
        }
    }
}

Output:

BigInteger value : 40000
Exception: java.lang.ArithmeticException: BigInteger out of short range

Reference: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/math/BigInteger.html#shortValueExact–