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ISRO | ISRO CS 2020 | Question 11

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Given that

B(a) means “a is a bear”
F(a) means “a is a fish” and
E(a, b) means “a eats b” 

Then what is the best meaning of

∀x[F(x) ⇒ ∀y(E(y, x) ⇒ B(y))] 

(A) Every fish is eaten by some bear
(B) Bears eat only fish
(C) Every bear eats fish
(D) Only bears eat fish


Answer: (D)

Explanation: According to Predicates and Quantifiers,

  • (A) Every fish is eaten by some bear :
    ∀x(F(x) ⇒ ∃y(B(y)∧E(y,x))) 
  • (B) Bears eat only fish :
    ∀x(B(x) ⇒ ∀y(E(x,y)⇒F(y)) 
  • (C) Every bear eats fish :
    ∀x(B(x) ⇒ ∃y(F(y)∧E(x,y)) 
  • (D) Only bears eat fish :
    ∀x[F(x) ⇒ ∀y(E(y, x) ⇒ B(y))] 

    Which is equivalent to “For every x if x is a fish then if it is eaten by y then that y is only bear.”

Option (D) is correct.

Quiz of this Question


Last Updated : 03 Sep, 2020
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