Interpolation in MATLAB

Upsampling can be defined as a process that comprises adding zero-valued samples in between existing original samples in order to increase the sampling rate. Upsampling is also called zero-stuffing.

Interpolation:

Upsampling with Filtering is called Interpolation. Upsampling adds zero-valued samples and filtering replaces the zero-valued samples inserted by upsamplers with approximate non-zero values using some type of filtering. 

Example: 

Matlab

% MATLAB code for interpolation
%clc is used to clear the command window
clc;
clear all;
% taking sampling frequency as input
% and storing in fs variable
fs=input('enter sampling frequency');

% taking frequency of the signal as input and storing in f
f=input('enter frequency of signal');

% taking interpolation factor I as input and storing it in L
L=input('enter interpolation factor');

%defining time-axis
t=0:1/fs:1;

% generating a sinusoidal signal with
% a given frequency and time-axis tf
x=sin(2*pi*f*t);

% storing length of axis x in N
N=length(x);

% taking another axis ranging from 0 to N-1
n=0:N-1;

% taking another axis ranging from 0 to N*L-1
m=0:(N*L)-1;

% creating zeros in axis of length L*N
% and storing it in x1
x1=zeros(1,L*N);

% taking another axis with a interpolation factor
% L from 0 to increasing with a factor L and upto N*L
j=1:L:N*L;

% taking j values into x1 from x
x1(j)=x;

% creating a window-based finite inpulse response filter design
% Syntax: b = fir1(n,Wn,'ftype')
% n is number of samples ranging from 0
% to N-1, Wn is normalized frequency ranging from
% 0 to 1,'ftype' specifies a filter type
f1=fir1(34,0.48,'low');

% filtfilt command provides zero-phase digital filtering by
% processing input data x in both forward and reverse directions
% Syntax: y=filtfilt(b,a,x);
% b,a specifies the filter order
% x is input data
output=2*filtfilt(f1,1,x1);

% Syntax: y=interp(x,r);
% the above command specifies increasing the sampling
% rate of signal x by a factor of r.
y=interp(x,L);

% subplot command in MATLAB allows you to insert
% multiple plots in a grid where all
% plots are specified in same grid
subplot(3,1,1);

% stem command is to plot discrete signal
stem(n,x);

% xlabel shows name of x axis in a plot
xlabel('samples');

% ylabel shows name of y axis in a plot
ylabel('amplitude');

% title is shown at the top of figure
% title is usually used to specify the name
% of your figure
title('Input signal');
subplot(3,1,2);
stem(m,output);

% axis command specifies the limit of current axis
axis ([0 200 -1 1]);
xlabel('samples');
ylabel('amplitude');
title('Interpolated signal');
subplot(3,1,3);
stem(m,y);
axis ([0 200 -1 1]);
xlabel('samples');
ylabel('amplitude');
title('Interpolated signal using inbuilt command');

Output: