Insert row at given position in Pandas Dataframe

Inserting a row in Pandas DataFrame is a very straight forward process and we have already discussed approaches in how insert rows at the start of the Dataframe. Now, let’s discuss the ways in which we can insert a row at any position in the dataframe having integer based index.
Solution #1 : There does not exist any in-built function in pandas which will help us to insert a row at any specific position in the given dataframe. So, we are going to write our own customized function to achieve the result.
Note : Inserting rows in-between the rows in Pandas Dataframe is an inefficient operation and the user should avoid it.

Python3

# importing pandas as pd
import pandas as pd

# Let's create the dataframe
df = pd.DataFrame({'Date':['10/2/2011', '12/2/2011', '13/2/2011', '14/2/2011'],
                    'Event':['Music', 'Poetry', 'Theatre', 'Comedy'],
                    'Cost':[10000, 5000, 15000, 2000]})

# Let's visualize the dataframe
print(df)

Output : 

Now we will write a customized function to insert a row at any given position in the dataframe.

Python3

# Function to insert row in the dataframe
def Insert_row(row_number, df, row_value):
    # Starting value of upper half
    start_upper = 0

    # End value of upper half
    end_upper = row_number

    # Start value of lower half
    start_lower = row_number

    # End value of lower half
    end_lower = df.shape[0]

    # Create a list of upper_half index
    upper_half = [*range(start_upper, end_upper, 1)]

    # Create a list of lower_half index
    lower_half = [*range(start_lower, end_lower, 1)]

    # Increment the value of lower half by 1
    lower_half = [x.__add__(1) for x in lower_half]

    # Combine the two lists
    index_ = upper_half + lower_half

    # Update the index of the dataframe
    df.index = index_

    # Insert a row at the end
    df.loc[row_number] = row_value

    # Sort the index labels
    df = df.sort_index()

    # return the dataframe
    return df

# Let's create a row which we want to insert
row_number = 2
row_value = ['11/2/2011', 'Wrestling', 12000]

if row_number > df.index.max()+1:
    print("Invalid row_number")
else:

    # Let's call the function and insert the row
    # at the second position
    df = Insert_row(row_number, df, row_value)

    # Print the updated dataframe
    print(df)

Output : 

In case the given row_number is invalid, say total number of rows in dataframe are 100 then maximum value of row_number can be 101, i.e. adding row at the last of dataframe. Any number greater than 101 will given an error message. 

Example #2: Another customized function which will use Pandas.concat() function to insert a row at any given position in the dataframe.

Python3

# importing pandas as pd
import pandas as pd

# Let's create the dataframe
df = pd.DataFrame({'Date':['10/2/2011', '12/2/2011', '13/2/2011', '14/2/2011'],
                    'Event':['Music', 'Poetry', 'Theatre', 'Comedy'],
                    'Cost':[10000, 5000, 15000, 2000]})

# Let's visualize the dataframe
print(df)

Output : 

A customized function to insert a row at any given position in the dataframe. 

Python3

# Function to insert row in the dataframe
def Insert_row_(row_number, df, row_value):
    # Slice the upper half of the dataframe
    df1 = df[0:row_number]

    # Store the result of lower half of the dataframe
    df2 = df[row_number:]

    # Insert the row in the upper half dataframe
    df1.loc[row_number]=row_value

    # Concat the two dataframes
    df_result = pd.concat([df1, df2])

    # Reassign the index labels
    df_result.index = [*range(df_result.shape[0])]

    # Return the updated dataframe
    return df_result

# Let's create a row which we want to insert
row_number = 2
row_value = ['11/2/2011', 'Wrestling', 12000]

if row_number > df.index.max()+1:
    print("Invalid row_number")
else:

    # Let's call the function and insert the row
    # at the second position
    df = Insert_row_(2, df, row_value)

    # Print the updated dataframe
    print(df)

Output :