Input Output Reasoning Questions

What is Input-Output?

The Input-Output reasoning problems, like computers, are dependent on an Input that is presented in the form of numbers and words. These words or numbers produce an output in a specific format. In which we have to find a special format.

You must first comprehend the logic behind the problems before you can solve them. It is critical that you first grasp the understand the concept and then start solving the questions so that you can determine the end result.

Types of the Input-Output :

The following are examples of questions from the Input-Output topic that might be asked in an exam:

Word/Number Rearrangement-Based Ordering: In these questions, the words/numbers will be arranged alphabetically (forward or reversed). In each phase, candidates must arrange the words and numbers simultaneously.

Interchanging the positions and numbers: In these, the exact position of the numbers will be modified while the rest remains the same.

Based on Mathematical Operations: In this type of question, some basic mathematical operations will be applied in each stage, such as adding, dividing, subtracting, multiplying, and so on.

Input-Output Questions

Type: Word/Number Rearrangement

Directions: The following information is given in the question, please read it carefully and answer the questions below:

A word and an arrangement of the numbers given in the machine when given an input of numbers/words rearranges them following a particular rule in each step. The following is an illustration of input and steps of rearrangement.

Input: 28 97 Craft Machine Urge Furious 49 38 70 Wait 16 Bother Parent 
Step I: Bother 28 97 Craft Machine Urge Furious 49 38 70 Wait Parent 16 
Step II: Bother Craft 97 Machine Urge Furious 49 38 70 Wait Parent 28 16 
Step III: Bother Craft Furious 97 Machine Urge 49 70 Wait Parent 38 28 16 
Step IV: Bother Craft Furious Machine 97 Urge 70 Wait Parent 49 38 28 16 
Step V: Bother Craft Furious Machine Parent 97 Urge Wait 70 49 38 28 16 
Step VI: Bother Craft Furious Machine Parent Urge Wait 97 70 49 38 28 16
Step VI is the final step of the above arrangement as the resulted arrangement is obtained. On the basis of the sequence and the logic followed in each step of the above Input, find out in each of the following questions the appropriate steps for the given input. 

Input: Tank 15 35 Sweet 39 26 Ignite Brush Assumption Kite 49 80 60

Q-1) What is the position of ’49’ in Step III?

A) Seventh from the right end
B) Fifth from the left end
C) Sixth from the left end
D) Sixth from the right end
E) Seventh from the left end

Answer: A & E
The position of ’49’ in Step III is Seventh from the right end & Seventh from the left end.

Solution: 
When we see each step, then we can find that both numbers and words are arranged in each step.
For words arrangement- Words are arranged according to alphabetical order from left to right.
For number arrangement- Numbers are arranged in ascending order from right to left.

Input: Tank 15 35 Sweet 39 26 Ignite Brush Assumption Kite 49 80 60
Step I:   Assumption Tank 35 Sweet 39 26 Ignite Brush Kite 49 80 60 15
Step II:  Assumption Brush Tank 35 Sweet 39 Ignite Kite 49 80 60 26 15
Step III: Assumption Brush Ignite Tank Sweet 39 Kite 49 80 60 35 26 15
Step IV: Assumption Brush Ignite Kite Tank Sweet 49 80 60 39 35 26 15
Step V:  Assumption Brush Ignite Kite Sweet Tank 80 60 49 39 35 26 15

Q-2) Which of the following is the fifth element from the left end in step V?

A) 49
B) Kite
C) Sweet
D) 80
E) None of these

Answer: C
The following is fifth element from the left end in step V is Sweet.

Solution: 
When we see each step, then we can find that both numbers and words are arranged in each step.
For words arrangement- Words are arranged according to alphabetical order from left to right.
For number arrangement- Numbers are arranged in ascending order from right to left.

Input: Tank 15 35 Sweet 39 26 Ignite Brush Assumption Kite 49 80 60
Step I: Assumption Tank 35 Sweet 39 26 Ignite Brush Kite 49 80 60 15
Step II: Assumption Brush Tank 35 Sweet 39 Ignite Kite 49 80 60 26 15
Step III: Assumption Brush Ignite Tank Sweet 39 Kite 49 80 60 35 26 15
Step IV: Assumption Brush Ignite Kite Tank Sweet 49 80 60 39 35 26 15
Step V: Assumption Brush Ignite Kite Sweet Tank 80 60 49 39 35 26 15

Q-3) Which of the following would be step III after arrangement?

A) Assumption Brush Kite Ignite Tank Sweet 49 39 80 60 35 26 15
B) Assumption Brush Ignite Tank Sweet 39 Kite 49 80 15 60 35 26.
C) Assumption Brush Kite Ignite Tank Sweet 49 26 39 80 60 35 15
D) Assumption Brush Kite Ignite Tank Sweet 39 49 80 60 35 26 15
E) Assumption Brush Ignite Tank Sweet 39 Kite 49 80 60 35 26 15

Answer: E
The following would be step III after the arrangement is- Assumption Brush Ignite Tank Sweet 39 Kite 49 80 60 35 26 15.

Solution: 
Input: Tank 15 35 Sweet 39 26 Ignite Brush Assumption Kite 49 80 60
Step I: Assumption Tank 35 Sweet 39 26 Ignite Brush Kite 49 80 60 15
Step II: Assumption Brush Tank 35 Sweet 39 Ignite Kite 49 80 60 26 15
Step III: Assumption Brush Ignite Tank Sweet 39 Kite 49 80 60 35 26 15
Step IV: Assumption Brush Ignite Kite Tank Sweet 49 80 60 39 35 26 15
Step V: Assumption Brush Ignite Kite Sweet Tank 80 60 49 39 35 26 15

Q-4) How many steps are required to complete the above arrangement?

A) Four
B) Five
C) Six
D) Seven
E) Three

Answer: B
Five-step are required to complete the above arrangement.

Solution: 

Input: Tank 15 35 Sweet 39 26 Ignite Brush Assumption Kite 49 80 60
Step I: Assumption Tank 35 Sweet 39 26 Ignite Brush Kite 49 80 60 15
Step II: Assumption Brush Tank 35 Sweet 39 Ignite Kite 49 80 60 26 15
Step III: Assumption Brush Ignite Tank Sweet 39 Kite 49 80 60 35 26 15
Step IV: Assumption Brush Ignite Kite Tank Sweet 49 80 60 39 35 26 15
Step V: Assumption Brush Ignite Kite Sweet Tank 80 60 49 39 35 26 15

Q-5) What is the position of &#x2018kite&#x2019 with respect to &#x201826 in Step II? 

A) Third to the left
B) Fifth to the right
C) Seventh to the right
D) Fourth to the left
E) Fifth to the left

Answer: D
The position of &#x2018kite&#x2019 with respect to &#x201826 in Step II fourth to the left

Solution: 

Input: Tank 15 35 Sweet 39 26 Ignite Brush Assumption Kite 49 80 60
Step I: Assumption Tank 35 Sweet 39 26 Ignite Brush Kite 49 80 60 15
Step II: Assumption Brush Tank 35 Sweet 39 Ignite Kite 49 80 60 26 15
Step III: Assumption Brush Ignite Tank Sweet 39 Kite 49 80 60 35 26 15
Step IV: Assumption Brush Ignite Kite Tank Sweet 49 80 60 39 35 26 15
Step V: Assumption Brush Ignite Kite Sweet Tank 80 60 49 39 35 26 15

Directions (6-10): A letter, symbol, and number arrangement machine when given an input line rearranges them following a particular pattern in each step. One of the following illustrations of input is given here and rearrangement. 

Input: R ? 3 J < # 9 X 5 2 G / 4 M > 7 % U V & 6 P 8 
Step I: ? 3 J < # 9 X 5 2 G / 4 M > 7 % U V & 6 P R 8 
Step II: 3 R ? J < # 9 X 5 2 G / 4 M > 7 % U V & 6 P 8 
Step III: 3 R J < # 9 X 5 2 G / 4 M > 7 % U V & P 8 ? 6 
Step IV: < P 3 R J # 9 X 5 2 G / 4 M > 7 % U V & 8 ? 6 

Since there is no end to the number of steps of the above input, one can make as many steps as intended. Based on the logic and the sequence followed in the above input, work out the steps for the following input. The number of steps to be worked out is more than four. 

9 ? H Q $ Y 4 1 E N * + O A = 3 5 ! 2 T K } 8 [

Q-6) How many such numbers are there in step VI which are preceded and succeeded by a letter?

A) 4
B) 2
C) 1
D) 3
E) None of these

Answer: B
Step VI: 4 K $ 8 H 9 Y 1 E N * + 0 A  = 3 5 ! 2 [ ? }  Q T 
Here, 9 and 1 are preceded and succeeded by a letter.

Solution: 
By observing the given input, we can say that the logic is based on the shifting of elements. In step, I, the first elements from both ends are shifted to the right end. In step II, the second element from both ends is shifted to the left end. In every succeeding step, the third, fourth and so on elements are shifted to ends in an alternate manner.

By following the same logical pattern, we get,

Input: 9 ? H Q $ Y 41 E N *+ 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K }  8 [ 

Step I: ? H Q $ Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K } 8 9 [ 
Step II: H 9 ? Q $ Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K }  8 [
Step III: H 9 Q $ Y 4 1 E N *+ 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K 8 [ ? } 
Step IV: $ 8 H 9 Q Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K [ ? } 
Step V: $ 8  H 9 Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 K [ ? } Q T 
Step VI: 4 K $ 8 H 9 Y 1 E N * + 0 A  = 3 5 ! 2 [ ? }  Q T 
Step VII: 4 K $ 8 H 9 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 2 [ ? } Q T Y ! 
Step VIII: E 2 4 K $ 8 H 9 1 N * + 0 A = 3 5 [ ? } Q T Y !

Q-7) Which of the following elements is eighth to the left of ‘[‘ in the eighth step?

A) 1
B) *
C) N
D) A
E) 0

Answer: C
Step VII: 4 K $ 8 H 9 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 2 [ ? } Q T Y ! 

Solution: 
By observing the given input, we can say that the logic is based on the shifting of elements. In step, I, the first elements from both ends are shifted to the right end. In step II, the second element from both ends is shifted to the left end. In every succeeding step, the third, fourth and so on elements are shifted to ends in an alternate manner.

By following the same logical pattern, we get, 

Input: 9 ? H Q $ Y 41 E N *+ 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K }  8 [ 

Step I: ? H Q $ Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K } 8 9 [ 
Step II: H 9 ? Q $ Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K }  8 [
Step III: H 9 Q $ Y 4 1 E N *+ 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K 8 [ ? } 
Step IV: $ 8 H 9 Q Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K [ ? } 
Step V: $ 8  H 9 Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 K [ ? } Q T 
Step VI: 4 K $ 8 H 9 Y 1 E N * + 0 A  = 3 5 ! 2 [ ? }  Q T 
Step VII: 4 K $ 8 H 9 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 2 [ ? } Q T Y ! 
Step VIII: E 2 4 K $ 8 H 9 1 N * + 0 A = 3 5 [ ? } Q T Y !

Q-8) How many letters are there in the fifth step which are to the right of the number ‘3’?

A) 3
B) 5
C) 2
D) 7
E) 6

Answer: A
Step V: $ 8  H 9 Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 K [ ? } Q T 
Solution: 
By following the same logical pattern, we get, 

Input: 9 ? H Q $ Y 41 E N *+ 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K }  8 [ 

Step I: ? H Q $ Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K } 8 9 [ 
Step II: H 9 ? Q $ Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K }  8 [
Step III: H 9 Q $ Y 4 1 E N *+ 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K 8 [ ? } 
Step IV: $ 8 H 9 Q Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K [ ? } 
Step V: $ 8  H 9 Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 K [ ? } Q T 
Step VI: 4 K $ 8 H 9 Y 1 E N * + 0 A  = 3 5 ! 2 [ ? }  Q T 
Step VII: 4 K $ 8 H 9 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 2 [ ? } Q T Y ! 
Step VIII: E 2 4 K $ 8 H 9 1 N * + 0 A = 3 5 [ ? } Q T Y !

Q-9) How many such symbols are there in step III which are preceded by a letter and are succeeded by a symbol or a number?

A) 5
B) 6
C) 4
D) 3
E) 2

Answer: E
Step III: H 9 Q $ Y 4 1 E N *+ 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K 8 [ ? } 

Here, * and = are preceded by a letter and are succeeded by a symbol or a number.

Solution: 
By observing the given input, we can say that the logic is based on the shifting of elements. In step, I, the first elements from both ends are shifted to the right end. In step II, the second element from both ends is shifted to the left end. In every succeeding step, the third, fourth and so on elements are shifted to ends in an alternate manner.

By following the same logical pattern, we get, 

Input: 9 ? H Q $ Y 41 E N *+ 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K }  8 [ 

Step I: ? H Q $ Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K } 8 9 [ 
Step II: H 9 ? Q $ Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K }  8 [
Step III: H 9 Q $ Y 4 1 E N *+ 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K 8 [ ? } 
Step IV: $ 8 H 9 Q Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K [ ? } 
Step V: $ 8  H 9 Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 K [ ? } Q T 
Step VI: 4 K $ 8 H 9 Y 1 E N * + 0 A  = 3 5 ! 2 [ ? }  Q T 
Step VII: 4 K $ 8 H 9 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 2 [ ? } Q T Y ! 
Step VIII: E 2 4 K $ 8 H 9 1 N * + 0 A = 3 5 [ ? } Q T Y !

Q-10) Which of the following will be the third step?

A) H 9 Q $ Y 4 1 E N *+ 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K 8 ? }
B) $ 8 H 9 Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 K [ ? } Q T 
C) H 9 ? Q $ Y 4 1 E N * + O A = 3 5 ! 2 T K ) 8 [
D) 4 K $ 8 H 9 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 2 [ ? } Q T Y ! 
E) None of these

Answer: A
Step III: H 9 Q $ Y 4 1 E N *+ 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K 8 [ ? } 

Solution: 
By observing the given input, we can say that the logic is based on the shifting of elements. In step, I, the first elements from both ends are shifted to the right end. In step II, the second element from both ends is shifted to the left end. In every succeeding step, the third, fourth and so on elements are shifted to ends in an alternate manner.

By following the same logical pattern, we get, 

Input: 9 ? H Q $ Y 41 E N *+ 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K }  8 [ 

Step I: ? H Q $ Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K } 8 9 [ 
Step II: H 9 ? Q $ Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K }  8 [
Step III: H 9 Q $ Y 4 1 E N *+ 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K 8 [ ? } 
Step IV: $ 8 H 9 Q Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 T K [ ? } 
Step V: $ 8  H 9 Y 4 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 ! 2 K [ ? } Q T 
Step VI: 4 K $ 8 H 9 Y 1 E N * + 0 A  = 3 5 ! 2 [ ? }  Q T 
Step VII: 4 K $ 8 H 9 1 E N * + 0 A = 3 5 2 [ ? } Q T Y ! 
Step VIII: E 2 4 K $ 8 H 9 1 N * + 0 A = 3 5 [ ? } Q T Y !