Important Questions on Scientists and Their Contributions

In exams like SSC, Banking, Railways, and others, we find many questions from the General Science section. In this section, miscellaneous topics are considered very important. we will provide topic-wise practice questions so that students can be able to practice more and more and get most of the questions correct in this section. In this article, we will provide practice questions in the Scientists and Their Contributions section.   

Que 1. Who invented the electrocardiogram (ECG)?
(a) Willem Einthoven 
(b) Edward Jenner 
(c) Antonio de Ulloa and Charles wood 
(d) Kerl Benz

Ans. (a) Willem Einthoven 
Explanation – Willem Einthoven was a Dutch physician and physiologist.

Que 2. Who among the following devised the technique IVF?
(a) Sir Frank Whittle
(b) Robert Edwards
(c) Edward Jenner 
(d) Martin cooper

Ans.(b) Robert Edwards
Explanation –  The early influences on Robert Edwards’ approach to the scientific research that led to human IVF are described.

Que 3. Who discovered the first antibiotic?
(a) Louis Pasteur 
(b) W Fleming
(c) S Waksman
(d) A Fleming 

Ans.(d) A Fleming
Explanation – Fleming, it seems, a bit disorderly in his work and accidentally discovered penicillin.

Que 4. Who synthesized the DNA in vitro?
(a) Roger Kornberg
(b) Robert Kornberg
(c) Arthur Kornberg
(d) Joseph Lister

Ans.(c) Arthur Kornberg
Explanation – In vitro synthesis of DNA was achieved with the enzyme DNA polymerase which was isolated from lysates of E. coli by Arthur Kornberg in 1956.

Que 5. Which of the following is not correctly matched?
(a) Joseph lister- Treatment of leprosy 
(b) Joseph E Salc – vaccination of polio
(c) Alexander Fleming – Discovered penicillin
(d) Edward Jenner- vaccination of smallpox

Ans.(a) Joseph lister- Treatment of leprosy
Explanation – Joseph lister,1st Baron lister OM, KCVO, PC, PRS, FRCSE, FFPS was a British surgeon and a pioneer of antiseptic surgery.  

Que 6. Har Gobind Khorana received Nobel Prize in the field of?
(a) Biochemistry 
(b) Medical science
(c) Economics
(d) Literature

Ans. (b) Medical science
Explanation- Har Gobind Khurana was an Indian American biochemist.

Que7. Albert Sabin is known for developing?
(a) Smallpox vaccine
(b) Polio vaccine
(c) Penicillin
(d) Hepatitis B vaccine

Ans.(b) Polio vaccine
Explanation- Albert Sabin was a polish-American medical researcher, best known for developing the oral polio vaccine, which has played a key role in nearly eradicating the disease.

Que 8. Which scientist developed the “key” for the identification of animals?
(a) Goethe
(b) Theophrastus
(c) Cuvier
(d) John Ray

Ans.(d) John Ray
Explanation-  John Ray proposed the classification of plants in his “Historia Plantarum “which was an important step toward modern taxonomy.

Que 9. Who discovered the blood group?
(a) Louis pastures 
(b) Robert Koch
(c) Landsteiner 
(d) Willem Harvey

Ans. (c) Landsteiner
Explanation- Karl Landsteiner was an Austrian biologist, physician, and immunologist.

Que 10. Hormone insulin is invented by?
(a) Brown 
(b) Schilden and Schwann
(c) FC Banting 
(d) Aobert Hook

Ans. (c) FC Banting 
Explanation- In the early 19 Frederick  Banting and Charles best-discovered insulin under the directorship of john Macleod at the university of Toronto.

Que 11. The stethoscope was invented by?
(a) Jenner 
(b) Sabin
(c) Laennec
(d) Pasture

Ans.(c) Laennec
Explanation- The Stethoscope is an acoustic medical device for auscultation, or listening to internal sounds of an animal or human body. 

Que 12. Who pioneered diagnostic ultrasound?
(a) Alexander Fleming 
(b) A. Laveran
(c) Robert Koch 
(d) Lan Donald

Ans.(d) Lan Donald
Explanation- Ultrasound was first used for clinical purposes in 1956 in Glasgow.

Que 13. Who isolated the virus-causing mosaic in tobacco in the form of crystals?
(a) Dr. Stanley 
(b) Mayer
(c) Louis Pasteur
(d) Robert Koch

Ans. (a) Dr. Stanley
Explanation- Tobacco mosaic virus was the first virus to be crystallized.

Que 14. Who was explaining about the circulatory system?
(a) Lewenhook 
(b) Menedal
(c) William Harvey 
(d) Ronal Ross

Ans. (c) William Harvey
Explanation- William Harvey was an English physician who made an influential contribution in anatomy and physiology.

Que 15. Transplantation of the heart is first done by?
(a) Dr. Christian Banard 
(b) Sir F.G Hoffkins
(c) Dr. Louis pasture 
(d) Dr. William Harvey

Ans. (a) Dr. Christian 
Explanation- Dr. Christian  Banard was a South African cardiac surgeon who performed the world’s first human-to-human heart transplant operation and the first one in which the patient regained consciousness.

Que 16. The first calf clone is created by?
(a) Mcclintock 
(b) Stanley
(c) Monod
(d) Lan Wilmut

Ans. (d) Lan Wilmut
Explanation- A biotechnology company, created the first cloned calf named Gene in the world. It was cloned from a non-embryonic cell. 

Que 17. When was EMG invented?
(a) 1945
(b) 1956
(c) 1942
(d) 1932

Ans. (c) 1942
Explanation- The first modern EMG machine was constructed by Jasper in 1942 at McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Que 18. Who used the protein word first?
(a) Mulder
(b) Funk
(c) Hopkins
(d) Macular

Ans. (a) Mulder
Explanation- Proteins were first described by the Dutch chemist Gerardus Johannes Mulder and named by the Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1838.

Que 19. When vitamin K was first discovered?
(a) 1922
(b) 1929
(c) 1835
(d) 1935

Ans. (b)1929
Explanation- Vitamin K was discovered fortuitously in 1929 as part of experiments on sterol metabolism and was immediately associated with blood coagulation.

Que 20. Edward Jenner is related to one of the following diseases.
(a) Rabies 
(b) Paralysis
(c) Small pox
(d) Typhus fever

Ans.(c) Small pox
Explanation- Edward Jenner was an English physician and scientist who pioneered the concept of vaccines including creating the smallpox vaccine, the world’s first vaccine.