Important Questions on Human Physiology

In exams like SSC, Banking, Railways, and others, we find many questions from the General Science section. In this section, Biology topics are considered favorites. we will provide topic-wise practice questions so that students can be able to practice more and more and get most of the questions correct in this section. In this article, we will provide 20 questions from the Human Physiology section.  

Ques 1. In the human kidney, the filtration units are often called?
(a) Nephrons
(b) Protons
(c) Neurons
(d) Neutrons
Ans. (a) Nephrons
Explanation-The basic filtration unit present in the kidney is Nephron. Each kidney has many of these filtration units and is packed close together.

Ques 2. Which one of the following organs has the capacity for regeneration?
(a) Spleen
(b) Kidney
(c) Brain
(d) Liver
Ans. (d) Liver
Explanation- The human liver is particularly known for its ability to regenerate, and is capable of doing so from only one-quarter of its tissue, due chiefly to the unipotency of hepatocytes.

Ques 3.  During the process of respiration in human beings, the exchange of gases takes place in the?
(a) Bronchi
(b) Alveoli
(c) Bronchiole
(d) Pleura
Ans. (b) Alveoli
Explanation- Alveoli are the air sacs of the lungs .they have thin walls surrounded by blood capillaries. Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli.

Ques 4. Where are RBCs made in an adult?
(a) Blue bone marrow
(b) Red bone marrow
(c) White bone marrow
(d) Black bone marrow

Ans. (b) Red bone marrow
Explanation- Red blood cells (RBCs) are also called erythrocytes. These are the most common types of blood cells and the vertebrate organism’s principal means of delivering oxygen to the body tissues via blood flow. RBCs are formed in the red bone marrow in adults after the completion of their lifespan, they are destroyed in the spleen.

Ques 5. Which one of the following is the largest organ of the human body?
(a) Brain
(b) Heart
(c) Skin
(d) Liver

Ans. (c) Skin
Explanation -The skin is the external largest organ of the human body. It is a vital organ with a fleshy surface covered with hair, nerves, glands, and nails. It covers your whole body and acts as a barrier between the outside and the inside environment.

Ques 6. What is the weight of the human brain in a gram?
(a) 1400
(b) 1230
(c) 1100
(d) 1500

Ans.(a) 1400 g
Explanation-The adult human brain weighs about 3 pounds(1,300-1,400g). The adult human brain is about 2%of the total body weight.

Ques7. Which hormone is called emergency hormone?
(a) Insulin
(b) Adrenalin
(c) Estrogen
(d) Oxytocin

Ans. (b) Adrenalin
Explanation- Adrenalin, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and medication.

Ques 8. Which glands control blood pressure?
(a) Parathyroid
(b) Thyroid
(c) Thymus
(d) Adrenal

Ans. (d) Adrenal
Explanation- Adrenal glands produce hormones that help regulate your metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, response to stress, and other essential functions.

Ques 9.  Write the name of the gland that secretes insulin hormone.
(a) Pituitary 
(b) Pineal
(c) Thymus
(d) pancreas

Ans. (d) Pancreas
Explanation-The most important hormone that the pancreas produce is insulin.

Ques 10. Where is the mass of cells found in the corpus luteum?
(a) Brain
(b) Ovary
(c) Pancreas
(d) Spleen

Ans.(b) Ovary
Explanation-A corpus luteum is a mass of cells that forms in an ovary and is responsible for the production of the hormone progesterone during early pregnancy.

Ques 11.  Which one of the following organs breaks fat to produce?
(a) Intestine
(b) Liver
(c) Lungs
(d) Kidney

Ans. (b) liver
Explanation-The liver breaks fat to produce cholesterol. Liver cells secrete bile. It helps in the emulsification of fat i.e. breaking down fats into small micelles.

Ques 12. Insulin was discovered by whom?
(a) F Banting
(b) Edward  Jenner
(c) Ronald Ross
(d) Frederick Sanger

Ans. (a) F Banting
Explanation- Sir Frederick Grant Banting was a  Canadian medical scientist known as the co-discoverer of insulin and its therapeutic potential.

Ques 13. Where is bile stored permanently?
(a) Mouth
(b) Liver
(c) Gall bladder
(d) Stomach

Ans. (c) Gall bladder
Explanation-Bile is a  fluid that is made and released by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. Bile helps with digestion.

Ques14. Which part of the brain is responsible for motor control?
(a) Cerebellum
(b) Cerebrum
(c) Medulla
(d) Pones

Ans. (a) Cerebellum
Explanation-Cerebellum is the part of the brain at the back of the skull in vertebrates, which coordinates and regulates muscular activity.

Ques 15. which organ gets affected in Weil’s disease?
(a) Liver
(b) Lung
(c) Heart
(d) Kidney

Ans. (d) Kidney
Explanation-The classic form of severe leptospirosis, known as Weil’s disease, is characterized by liver damage (causing jaundice), kidney failure, and bleeding, which happens in 5–10% of those infected.

Ques 16.  What digestive enzymes are present in the stomach? 
(a) Trypsin
(b) Pepsin
(c) Salivary amylase
(d) Pancreatic canal

Ans. (b) Pepsin
Explanation- Pepsin is the main gastric enzyme. It is produced by the stomach cells. Pepsinogen is then activated by the stomach acid into its active form, pepsin.

Ques 17. Muscle to Muscle connection is called?
(a) Tendon
(b) Cartilage
(c) Ligaments
(d) Interstitial fluid
Ans. (a) Tendon
Explanation- Tendon, is the tissue that attaches a muscle to other body parts, usually bones.

Ques 18. Which part of the human body is affected by Pyria?
(a) Eyes
(b) Small intestine
(c) Large intestine
(d) Teeth

Ans. (d) Teeth
Explanation- Pyria, commonly known as gingivitis (inflammation of the soft tissue that surrounds the teeth.

Ques.19. Goiter is caused due to deficiency of iodine, it is most commonly found in?
(a) Coastal
(b) Hilly area
(c) Desert area
(d) Plain area

Ans. (b) Hilly area
Explanation: Goiter is a condition where your thyroid gland grows larger.

Ques 20. Which metal is present in haemoglobin?
(a) Copper
(b) Iron
(c) Manganese
(d) Zinc

Ans. (b) Iron
Explanation-The heme group is a metal complex, with iron as the central metal atom that can release molecular oxygen.