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Important Calendar Eras Of Indian History

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History subject is always an important section of the General Study Section for any exam. In the SSC CGL exam, 5 to 8 questions are asked from the History section. So following we are presenting a topic “Important Samvat  or Calendar Eras Of Indian History”. It may help the candidate who is preparing for the SSC CGL exam.

Introduction –

  • Indian History From time to time, different eras were started by different rulers. 
     
  • Samvat refers to the calculation of time. 
     
  • By this, a particular time has been placed under a special era.
     
  • Further, we are describing the important eras of Indian history-
     
Samvat      Star Year Related Facts                 
Saptarishi Samvat   3072 B.C

Saptarishi Samvat is the ancient era of India.
This era was used till the Mahabharata period.
According to Al-Biruni, it was prevalent in Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh. 
In Kashmir, the Saptarishi Samvat is called ‘Lokik Samvat’ and in Jammu and Himachal Pradesh ‘Shastra Samvat’. 
it was a cosmic era

Kali Samvat  3102 B.C

Kaliyuga Samvat is the ancient era of India.
It starts in 3102 BC. 
The beginning of this Samvat is considered to be by the Pandavas leaving Abhimanyu’s son Parikshit on their throne and leaving for the Himalayas themselves.
This Samvat was authenticated by Aryabhata in the 5th century. 
The date of this Samvat is also considered to be the time of the Mahabharata war.

Buddhist Samvat 544 B.C

According to Deepvansh and Mahavansh literature, Buddha Samvat started in 544 BC.
The actual date of Buddha’s Nirvana is 483 B.C.

Vira Nirvana Samvat      (Mahavir Samvat) 527 B.C

The Vira Nirvana Samvat (era) is a calendar era beginning on 7 October 527 BCE. 
It persuades the Nirvana of Lord Mahaviraswami, the 24th Jain Tirthankara.

Vikram Samvat 57 B.C

It was started by King Vikramaditya of Ujjain to commemorate the defeat of the Shakas. Emperor Vikramaditya started its practice in 57 BC. 
Vikram Samvat or Vikrami is a Hindu calendar prevalent in the Indian subcontinent.
The country of Nepal has recognized Vikram Samvat as the official Samvat.
The beginning of this Samvat is considered to be from Kartik Shukla Pratipada in Gujarat and Chaitra Shukla Pratipada in northern India. 
The practice of keeping a year of twelve months and a week of seven days started from Vikram Samvat itself.

Shaka Samvat 78 A.D

King Shalivahana (Gautamiputra Satakarni) of Ujjain is credited with the beginning of Shaka Samvat, when he defeated the Shakas in a war in the year 78 AD and in memory of this war he started the Shaka Samvat.
Shalivahana Saka, also known as Shaka Samvat, the Hindu calendar, is used as the Indian national calendar.
The Indian National Panchang or ‘National Calendar of India’ is based on the Saka Samvat, the official civil calendar in use in India. It was adopted along with the Gregorian calendar on 22 March 1957.

Kalchuri Chedi Samvat 248-49 A.D

This Samvat was founded by King Ishwarsen of western India.
Later, the Kalchuri rulers gave it their shelter.
The Kalchuri rulers of Madhya Pradesh used this Samvat in their inscriptions.

Gupta Samvat  319-20 A.D

Chandragupta, I started a new era during his reign, which is called the Gupta era. 
This era is relevant only till the time of the Gupta emperors. 
Chandragupta, I started the ‘Gupta Samvat’ in 319-320 AD.

Vallabhi Samvat  241 Shak

In the context of Vallabhi Samvat, we get information from the writings of Al-Biruni. According to Al-Biruni, Vallabhi Samvat was started after 241 years of Shaka rule by a ruler named Vallabh.
Its date is contemporary with the Gupta era, so both eras seem to be the same.

Hijri Samvat  622 AD

Hijri era started on 622 AD.
On this day Hazrat Muhammad Sahab travelled from Mecca to Medina. 
Mohammad Saheb attained enlightenment in 610 AD at the age of 40.

Kolam Samvat  825 AD

This Samvat was prevalent in the Malabar region of South India.

Laxman Samvat  1190 AD

Gaudeshwar Lakshman Sen was the fourth ruler of the Sena dynasty of Bengal. 
Laxman Sen became the king in 1190 AD and founded the Lakshman Sambat in the same year. 
This Samvat was used for many years in Bengal and Bihar.

Ilahi Samvat  1583 AD

Ilahi Samvat was started by Mughal Badshah Akbar in 1583 AD. 
It was a mixture of the pre-existing Hindu and Islamic calendars


Last Updated : 30 Sep, 2022
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