Import module in Python

Import in python is similar to #include header_file in C/C++. Python modules can get access to code from another module by importing the file/function using import. The import statement is the most common way of invoking the import machinery, but it is not the only way.

import module_name

When the import is used, it searches for the module initially in the local scope by calling __import__() function. The value returned by the function is then reflected in the output of the initial code. 

PYTHON

import math
pie = math.pi
print("The value of pi is : ",pie)

Output:

The value of pi is : ', 3.141592653589793

import module_name.member_name

In the above code module, math is imported, and its variables can be accessed by considering it to be a class and pi as its object. 
The value of pi is returned by __import__(). pi as a whole can be imported into our initial code, rather than importing the whole module. 

PYTHON

from math import pi

# Note that in the above example,
# we used math.pi. Here we have used
# pi directly.
print(pi)

Output:

3.141592653589793

from module_name import *

In the above code module, math is not imported, rather just pi has been imported as a variable. 
All the functions and constants can be imported using *. 

PYTHON

from math import *
print(pi)
print(factorial(6))

Output

3.14159265359
720

As said above import uses __import__() to search for the module, and if not found, it would raise ImportError 

PYTHON

import mathematics
print(mathematics.pi)

Output:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/GFG/Tuples/xxx.py", line 1, in 
    import mathematics
ImportError: No module named 'mathematics'

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