Image Processing in Java – Read and Write

Java implements a particular type of object called a BufferedImage for images in Java. A BufferedImage can be read from several distinct image types (i.e., BMP, HEIC, etc.). Not all of these are backed by ImageIO itself, but there are plugins to extend ImageIO and other libraries such as Apache Imaging and JDeli.

In Java itself, all the complexity of various image types is hidden, and we only work on BufferedImage. Java provides immediate access to the image pixels and color information and allows conversions and image processing.

Classes Required to Perform the Read and Write Operations: 

1. java.io.File: To read and write an image file, we must import the File class. This class represents file and directory path names in general.

2. java.io.IOException: To handle errors, we use the IOException class.

3. java.awt.image.BufferedImage: To hold the image, we create the BufferedImage object; we use BufferedImage class. This object is used to store an image in RAM.

4. javax.imageio.ImageIO: To perform the image read-write operation, we will import the ImageIO class. This class has static methods to read and write an image.

Java

// Java program to demonstrate read and write of image

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

public class MyImage {
    public static void main(String args[])
        throws IOException
    {
        // width of the image
        int width = 963;

        // height of the image
        int height = 640;

        // For storing image in RAM
        BufferedImage image = null;

        // READ IMAGE
        try {
            File input_file = new File(
                "C:/Users/hp/Desktop/Image Processing in Java/gfg-logo.png");

            // image file path create an object of
            // BufferedImage type and pass as parameter the
            // width,  height and image int
            // type. TYPE_INT_ARGB means that we are
            // representing the Alpha , Red, Green and Blue
            // component of the image pixel using 8 bit
            // integer value.

            image = new BufferedImage(
                width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);

            // Reading input file
            image = ImageIO.read(input_file);

            System.out.println("Reading complete.");
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + e);
        }

        // WRITE IMAGE
        try {
            // Output file path
            File output_file = new File(
                "C:/Users/hp/Desktop/Image Processing in Java/gfg.png");

            // Writing to file taking type and path as
            ImageIO.write(image, "png", output_file);

            System.out.println("Writing complete.");
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + e);
        }
    } // main() ends here
} // class ends here

Output – 

Note: This code will not run on online IDE as it needs an image on disk.

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