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Hydrosulfuric Acid Formula – Structure, Properties, Uses, Sample Questions

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Hydrogen (H) has unique kind properties that are not like some other component on our planet, close to 66% of our Universe’s mass is made out of this unique component. It is both electropositive as well as electronegative, as it structures hydrogen particles (H+)as well as hydride particles (H). Hydrogen compounds are the main oxidants for some synthetic substances in the air and are associated with the patterns of numerous substance families. Hydrogen is utilized to make ammonia (NH3). Sulfur (S) is a chemical element with the atomic number 16 in the periodic table. It is abundant, multivalent, and nonmetallic elements.  It is a bright yellow, crystalline solid at room temperature.

Hydrosulfuric Acid

Hydrosulfuric Acid is a chemical compound that consists of Hydrogen and Sulphur elements. It is a colorless compound that has a rotten egg-like smell. It is also called Hydrogen Sulfide or Sulfane. It is flammable, corrosive, and toxic. 

Chemical Formula of Hydrosulfuric Acid

The chemical formula of hydrochloric acid is H2S. Hydrosulfuric acid is formed when hydrogen gas is reacted with molten sulfur. 

H2  + S  ⇒  H2S

Structure of Hydrosulfuric Acid

The structure of Hydrosulfuric acid is the same as the structure of water. The Lewis structure of hydrogen sulfide is a combination of two hydrogen atoms and one sulfur atom.

 

Physical Properties of Hydrosulfuric Acid

  • The molecular weight of Hydrosulfuric acid is 34.0809 g/mol.
  • The melting point of Hydrosulfuric acid is 82 °C.
  • The boiling point of Hydrosulfuric acid is  60 °C.
  • The density of Hydrosulfuric acid is 1.363 g d/m3.
  • The Solubility in water is 4 g d/m3.
  • The Vapour pressure of hydrosulfuric acid is 1740 kPa.
  • The Acidity (pKa) of hydrosulfuric acid is 7.0

Chemical properties of Hydrosulfuric Acid

When Hydrosulfuric is mixed in the air, it can lead to an explosion. Oxygen, when mixed with hydrosulfuric acid, catches fire with a blue flame and produces sulfur and water.                                         

2H2S + O2 ⇒  2H2O + 2S

When hydrosulfuric acid is reacted with sulfuric acid (H2SO4)it produces sulfur dioxide, sulfur, and water at room temperature.                         

H2S + H2SO4 ⇒ SO2+  S + 2H2O

When hydrosulfuric acid is reacted with sodium dioxide we get sulfur.

2H2S + SO2 ⇒    3S + 2H2O

Preparation of Hydrosulfuric Acid

Method 1: It can also be prepared when hydrogen gas is reacted with the molten sulfur at a temperature of 450 °C. 

H2 + S ⇒   H2S

Method 2: It is also prepared when ferrous sulfide reacts with a strong acid like hydrochloric acid in a Kip generator. 

FeS + 2 HCl → FeCl2+ H2S

Method 3: Thioacetamide is used to produce the Hydrosulfuric acid

 CH3C(S)NH2+ H2O → CH3C(O)NH2 + H2S

Method 4: It can also be prepared by metals and non-metal sulfides like aluminum sulfide, phosphorus pentasulfide, and the silicon disulfide which gives hydrosulfuric acid when reacted to water.

6H2O + Al2S3→ 3H2S + 2Al(OH)3

Uses of Hydrosulfuric  Acid

  • It is used as a reagent and disinfectant.
  • It is used in the production of sulfuric acid.
  • It is used in many industries areas like leather industries, dyes industries, pesticides industries, petroleum industries, paper mills, and pharmaceuticals.
  • It is used in nuclear power plants to produce heavy water.

Sample Questions

Question 1: What are the health hazards of Hydrosulfuruc Acid?

Answer:

Hydrosulfuric Acid is a highly toxic, corrosive and flammable gas in nature. It isa highly explosive and flammable gas and causing life-threatening conditions if not handled with care. It easily burns and forms other toxic gases and vapours like sulfur dioxide. When exposed to low concentrations of hydrogen sulphide then it might cause some irritation to the nose, throat or eyes,  nausea, shortness of breath. It causes difficulty in breathing. It can cause headaches, memory loss, tiredness and body balancing problems. It can cause loss of consciousness.

Question 2: Where is hydrosulfuric Acid found?

Answer: 

Hydrosulfuric Acid is naturally found in natural gas and crude petroleum. It can also found by decomposition of animal and human waste, which also produces hydrosulfuric acid.

Question 3: What are the conjugate acid and conjugate bases of Hydrosulfuric Acid?

Answer:

The conjugate base of Hydrosulfuric acid is disulfide (HS).  The conjugate acid of Hydrosulfiric acid is solfonium (H3S+). The conjugate acid- base pair of hydrosulfuric acid is NH3 and NH4+.

Question 4: Write the reaction of hydrosulfuric acid with oxygen?

Answer:

When hydrosulfuric acid is reacted with oxygen we get sulfur and water.

2H2S + O2 ⇒  2H2O + 2S

Question 5: write the reaction of hydrosulfuric acid with sodium dioxide?

Answer:

When hydrosulfuric acid is reacted with sodium dioxide we get sulfur.

2H2S + SO2  ⇒    3S + 2H2O

Question 6: What happens when hydrosulfuric acid is reacted with sulfuric acid?

Answer: 

When hydrosulfuric acid is reacted with sulfuric acid (H2SO4)it produces sulfur dioxide, sulfur and water at room temperature.

H2S + H2SO4 ⇒ SO2 +  S + 2H2O

Question 7: What happens when sulfides and bisulfite are heated In reagents?

Answer:

When any sulphides or bisulphites are heated with any reagent like HCl we get hydrosulfuric acid. The sulphide like antimony sulphide when heated with concentrated HCl, Hydrosulfuric acid is liberated.

Sb2S3+ 6HCl  ⇒ 2SbCl3 + 3H2S



Last Updated : 19 Dec, 2023
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