How to make an Indian Flag using Turtle – Python

Here, we will be making “The Great Indian Flag” using Python Turtle Graphics. Here, we will be using many turtle functions like begin_fill(), end_fill() to fill color inside the Flag, penup(), pendown(), goto() etc to reaching the target.

Turtle graphics

In computer graphics, turtle graphics are vector graphics using a relative cursor upon a Cartesian plane. Turtle is a drawing board-like feature that lets us command the turtle and draw using it.

Features of turtle graphics:

• forward(x): moves the pen in forward direction by x units.
• backward(x): moves the pen in the backward direction by x units.
• right(x): rotate the pen in the clockwise direction by an angle x.
• left(x): rotate the pen in the anticlockwise direction by an angle x.
• penup(): stop drawing of the turtle pen.
• pendown(): start drawing of the turtle pen.
• begin_fill(): starts filling the color inside the shape.
• fillcolor(“color_name”): sets the color to be filled.
• end_fill(): stops filling the color.

Approach

1. import the turtle modules.

import turtle

2. Get a screen to draw on.

screen = turtle.Screen()

3. Define an instance for turtle(here “t”).

4. For making an Indian Flag let’s divide the process into 4 steps:

• The rectangle with orange color.
• Then the middle rectangle.
• Then the last Green Rectangle.
• Then Ashoka Chakra inside the middle rectangle.

5. Here dimensions of all three Rectangles are (800 units x 167 units), which makes up dimensions of the flag as (800 units x 501 units).

6. The turtle starts from coordinates (-400, 250).

7. Then from that position it makes the First rectangle of orange color.

8. Then from the ending point of the first rectangle, Turtle makes the Second rectangle of no color.

9. Then the Third green color rectangle is made. Now for Ashoka Chakra, we need to perform a set of operations

• A Big Blue circle and a white circle just smaller than blue.
• Set of small blue circles on the inner lining of a blue and white circle.
• And finally spokes inside the two blue and white circles starting from the Centre towards the outer direction.

10. Finally, The pride of one’s Nation is ready. 

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

Python

import turtle
from turtle import*

#screen for output
screen = turtle.Screen()

# Defining a turtle Instance
t = turtle.Turtle()
speed(0)

# initially penup()
t.penup()
t.goto(-400, 250)
t.pendown()

# Orange Rectangle
#white rectangle
t.color("orange")
t.begin_fill()
t.forward(800)
t.right(90)
t.forward(167)
t.right(90)
t.forward(800)
t.end_fill()
t.left(90)
t.forward(167)

# Green Rectangle
t.color("green")
t.begin_fill()
t.forward(167)
t.left(90)
t.forward(800)
t.left(90)
t.forward(167)
t.end_fill()

# Big Blue Circle
t.penup()
t.goto(70, 0)
t.pendown()
t.color("navy")
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(70)
t.end_fill()

# Big White Circle
t.penup()
t.goto(60, 0)
t.pendown()
t.color("white")
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(60)
t.end_fill()

# Mini Blue Circles
t.penup()
t.goto(-57, -8)
t.pendown()
t.color("navy")
for i in range(24):
    t.begin_fill()
    t.circle(3)
    t.end_fill()
    t.penup()
    t.forward(15)
    t.right(15)
    t.pendown()

# Small Blue Circle
t.penup()
t.goto(20, 0)
t.pendown()
t.begin_fill()
t.circle(20)
t.end_fill()
# Spokes
t.penup()
t.goto(0, 0)
t.pendown()
t.pensize(2)
for i in range(24):
    t.forward(60)
    t.backward(60)
    t.left(15)

#to hold the
#output window
turtle.done()

Output: