How to Create Shrink Header on Scroll using HTML, CSS and JavaScript ?

Last Updated : 05 Feb, 2020

Shrink Navigation bar works when the user scrolls down the page. In this article, we will use HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to design shrink navigation bar. HTML is used to create the structure, CSS is used to set the style on HTML structure to make it looks good. This kind of shrinking navbar looks attractive on a site. By using JavaScript you can easily make the navigation bar shrinkable when the user scrolls down.

Creating Structure: In this section, we will create a basic website structure for the shrinkable navbar and when the user scrolls down the page it will display the effect.

HTML code to create structure:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  
<head>
    <meta name="viewport" content
        ="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
      
    <title>
        How to Create Shrink Header on Scroll
        using HTML, CSS and JavaScript ?
    </title>
</head>
  
<body>
    <!-- Navlist of heade -->
    <div id="navlist">
        <a href="#default" id="logo">
            GeeksforGeeks
        </a>
      
        <div id="navlist-right">
            <a href="#home">Home</a>
            <a href="#about">Our Products</a>
            <a href="#about">Careers</a>
            <a href="#contact">Contact US</a>
            <a href="#about">About US</a>
        </div>
    </div>
  
    <!-- Page Content -->
    <div class="content">
        <b> 
            A Computer Science Portal for Geeks
        </b>
        <p>
            How many times were you frustrated while 
            looking out for a good collection of 
            programming/algorithm/interview questions? 
            What did you expect and what did you get? 
            This portal has been created to provide 
            well written, well thought and well 
            explained solutions for selected questions.
        </p>
    </div>
</body>
  
</html>

Designing Structure: In the previous section, we have created the structure of the basic website. In this section, we will design the structure of navigation bar and then scroll down effect on the navbar using JavaScript.

CSS code to add style on HTML structure:

<style>
    * {
        box-sizing: border-box;
    }
   
    body { 
        margin: 0;
    }
   
    /* Navlist designing */
    #navlist {
        overflow: hidden;
        background-color: #0074D9;
        padding: 90px 10px;
        transition: 0.4s;
        position: fixed;
        width: 100%;
        top: 0;
        z-index: 1;
    }
  
    #navlist a {
        float: left;
        color: white;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 12px;
        text-decoration: none;
        font-size: 18px; 
        line-height: 25px;
        border-radius: 4px;
    }
   
    #navlist #logo {
        font-size: 35px;
        font-weight: bold;
        transition: 0.4s;
    }
   
    #navlist a:hover {
        color: #01FE06;
    }
   
    #navlist-right {
        float: right;
    }
       
    /* Content desing */
    .content {
        margin-top:220px;
        padding:15px 15px 1800px;
        font-size:22px;
    }
</style>

JavaScript code for animation on menu:

<script>
      
    // Scrolls down 90px from the top of
    // the document, to resize the navlist
    // padding and the title font-size
    window.onscroll = function() {
        scrollFunction()
    };
          
    function scrollFunction() {
        if (document.body.scrollTop > 90 ||
            document.documentElement.scrollTop > 90)
        {
            document.getElementById("navlist")
                        .style.padding = "25px 10px";
                  
            document.getElementById("logo")
                    .style.fontSize = "24px";
        } 
        else {
            document.getElementById("navlist")
                        .style.padding = "90px 10px";
                          
            document.getElementById("logo")
                        .style.fontSize = "35px";
        }
    }
</script>

Example: In this example, we will combine HTML, CSS and JavaScript code to make shrink header navigation-bar.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  
<head>
    <meta name="viewport" content
        ="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
      
    <title>
        How to Create Shrink Header on Scroll
        using HTML, CSS and JavaScript ?
    </title>
      
    <style>
        * {
            box-sizing: border-box;
        }
      
        body { 
            margin: 0;
        }
      
        /* Navlist designing */
        #navlist {
            overflow: hidden;
            background-color: #0074D9;
            padding: 90px 10px;
            transition: 0.4s;
            position: fixed;
            width: 100%;
            top: 0;
            z-index: 1;
        }
      
        #navlist a {
            float: left;
            color: white;
            text-align: center;
            padding: 12px;
            text-decoration: none;
            font-size: 18px; 
            line-height: 25px;
            border-radius: 4px;
        }
      
        #navlist #logo {
            font-size: 35px;
            font-weight: bold;
            transition: 0.4s;
        }
      
        #navlist a:hover {
            color: #01FE06;
        }
      
        #navlist-right {
            float: right;
        }
          
        /* Content desing */
        .content {
            margin-top:220px;
            padding:15px 15px 1800px;
            font-size:22px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
  
<body>
  
    <!-- Navlist of heade -->
    <div id="navlist">
        <a href="#default" id="logo">
            GeeksforGeeks
        </a>
      
        <div id="navlist-right">
            <a href="#home">Home</a>
            <a href="#about">Our Products</a>
            <a href="#about">Careers</a>
            <a href="#contact">Contact US</a>
            <a href="#about">About US</a>
        </div>
    </div>
  
    <!-- Page Content -->
    <div class="content">
        <b> 
            A Computer Science Portal for Geeks
        </b>
        <p>
            How many times were you frustrated while 
            looking out for a good collection of 
            programming/algorithm/interview questions? 
            What did you expect and what did you get? 
            This portal has been created to provide 
            well written, well thought and well 
            explained solutions for selected questions.
        </p>
    </div>
  
    <script>
      
        // Scrolls down 90px from the top of
        // the document, to resize the navlist
        // padding and the title font-size
        window.onscroll = function() {
            scrollFunction()
        };
          
        function scrollFunction() {
            if (document.body.scrollTop > 90 ||
                document.documentElement.scrollTop > 90)
            {
                document.getElementById("navlist")
                            .style.padding = "25px 10px";
                  
                document.getElementById("logo")
                            .style.fontSize = "24px";
            } 
            else {
                document.getElementById("navlist")
                            .style.padding = "90px 10px";
                              
                document.getElementById("logo")
                            .style.fontSize = "35px";
            }
        }
    </script>
</body>
  
</html>

Output:
navigation shrink

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How to Create Shrink Header on Scroll using HTML, CSS and JavaScript ?