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How to Create Horizontal and Vertical Tabs using JavaScript ?

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In this article, we will create Horizontal and Vertical Tabs using JavaScript.

Tabs can be used for displaying large amounts of content on a single page in an organized manner. We can design single-page tabs using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. HTML elements are used to design the structure of the tabs and their content in paragraphs. The styling is performed using CSS. With the click of each tab button, the tabs display their respective content. This is done using JavaScript.

Horizontal Tabs: The following code demonstrates the simple HTML structure with tabs and its contents in the form of a paragraph. On click of each tab, it calls the displayContent() method implemented in the “script.js” file given below.

Example: The below example shows the creation of horizontal tabs.

HTML




<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  
<head>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
    <script src="script.js"></script>
</head>
  
<body>
    <h2 style="color:green">
        GeeksforGeeks Horizontal tabs
    </h2>
  
    <!-- Link to each tab with onclick event -->
    <div id="tabsDiv">
        <button class="linkClass" onclick=
            "displayContent(event, 'interview')">
            Interview
        </button>
  
        <button class="linkClass" onclick=
            "displayContent(event, 'practice')">
            Practice
        </button>
  
        <button class="linkClass" onclick=
            "displayContent(event, 'python')">
            Python
        </button>
  
        <button class="linkClass" onclick=
            "displayContent(event, 'algorithms')">
            Algorithms
        </button>
  
        <button class="linkClass" onclick=
            "displayContent(event, 'machine')">
            Machine Learning
        </button>
    </div>
  
    <!-- Content for each HTML tab  -->
    <div id="interview" class="contentClass">
        <h3>Interview</h3>
  
        <p>
            Also, in Asymptotic analysis, we always
            talk about input sizes larger than a
            constant value. It might be possible
            that those large inputs are never given
            to your software and an algorithm which is
            asymptotically slower, always performs
            better for your particular situation.
            So, you may end up choosing an algorithm
            that is Asymptotically slower but faster
            for your software.
        </p>
  
    </div>
  
    <div id="practice" class="contentClass">
        <h3>Practice</h3>
  
        <p>
            Asymptotic Analysis is the big idea
            that handles above issues in analyzing
            algorithms. In Asymptotic Analysis,
            we evaluate the performance of an 
            algorithm in terms of input size (we 
            don’t measure the actual running time).
            We calculate, how does the time
            (or space) taken by an algorithm
            increases with the input size.
        </p>
  
    </div>
  
    <div id="python" class="contentClass">
        <h3>Python</h3>
  
        <p>
            Python is a high-level, general-purpose
            and a very popular programming language.
            Python programming language (latest Python 3)
            is being used in web development, Machine
            Learning applications, along with all
            cutting edge technology in Software Industry.
            Python Programming Language is very well
            suited for Beginners, also for experienced
            programmers with other programming languages
            like C++ and Java.
        </p>
    </div>
  
    <div id="algorithms" class="contentClass">
        <h3>Greedy Algorithms</h3>
  
        <p>
            Greedy is an algorithmic paradigm that
            builds up a solution piece by piece,
            always choosing the next piece that
            offers the most obvious and immediate
            benefit. So the problems where
            choosing locally optimal also
            leads to global solution are
            best fit for Greedy.
        </p>
    </div>
  
    <div id="machine" class="contentClass">
        <h3>Machine Learning</h3>
  
        <p>
            Machine Learning is the field of
            study that gives computers the capability
            to learn without being explicitly
            programmed. ML is one of the most
            exciting technologies that one
            would have ever come across.
            As it is evident from the name,
            it gives the computer that makes
            it more similar to humans:
            The ability to learn. Machine learning
            is actively being used today,
            perhaps in many more places than
            one would expect.
        </p>
    </div>
</body>
  
</html>


CSS




h3 {
    text-align: left;
}
  
/* Button to open the content */
.linkclass {
    float: left;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 10px 15px 10px 10px;
    background-color: light-grey;
}
  
/* Button styling on mouse hover */
#tabsDiv a:hover {
    color: black;
    background-color: #e9e9e9;
    font-size: 16px;
}
  
/* Change the color of the button */
button.active {
    background-color: #c0c0c0;
}
  
/* Content for button tabs*/
.contentClass {
    display: none;
    padding: 10px 16px;
    border: 2px solid #c0c0c0;
}


Javascript




function displayContent(event, contentNameID) {
  
    let content =
        document.getElementsByClassName("contentClass");
    let totalCount = content.length;
  
    // Loop through the content class
    // and hide the tabs first
    for (let count = 0;
        count < totalCount; count++) {
        content[count].style.display = "none";
    }
  
    let links =
        document.getElementsByClassName("linkClass");
    totalLinks = links.length;
  
    // Loop through the links and
    // remove the active class
    for (let count = 0;
        count < totalLinks; count++) {
        links[count].classList.remove("active");
    }
  
    // Display the current tab
    document.getElementById(contentNameID)
        .style.display = "block";
  
    // Add the active class to the current tab
    event.currentTarget.classList.add("active");
}


Output: Click here to check the live Output.

 

Vertical Tabs: The tabs can be made vertical by changing the HTML structure and replacing the CSS stylesheet with a modified one used for the vertical tabs design. The following code demonstrates the vertical tabs.

Example: This example shows the creation of vertical tabs.

HTML




<body>
    <h2 style="color:green">
        GeeksforGeeks Vertical tabs
    </h2>
  
    <div id="tabsDiv">
        <div id="interview" class="contentClass">
            <h3>Interview</h3>
  
            <p>
                Also, in Asymptotic analysis,
                we always talk about input sizes larger
                than a constant value. It might
                be possible that those large inputs
                are never given to your software and
                an algorithm which is asymptotically
                slower, always performs better for
                your particular situation. So, you
                may end up choosing an algorithm that
                is Asymptotically slower but faster
                for your software.
            </p>
        </div>
  
        <div id="practice" class="contentClass">
            <h3>Practice</h3>
  
            <p>
                Asymptotic Analysis is the big idea
                that handles above issues in analyzing
                algorithms. In Asymptotic Analysis, we
                evaluate the performance of an algorithm
                in terms of input size (we don’t measure
                the actual running time). We calculate,
                how does the time (or space) taken by
                an algorithm increases with
                the input size.
            </p>
        </div>
  
        <div id="python" class="contentClass">
            <h3>Python</h3>
  
            <p>
                Python is a high-level, general-purpose
                and a very popular programming language.
                Python programming language (latest Python 3)
                is being used in web development, Machine
                Learning applications, along with all
                cutting edge technology in Software Industry.
                Python Programming Language is very
                well suited for Beginners, also for
                experienced programmers with other
                programming languages like C++ and Java.
            </p>
        </div>
  
        <div id="algorithms" class="contentClass">
            <h3>Greedy Algorithms</h3>
  
            <p>
                Greedy is an algorithmic paradigm
                that builds up a solution piece by
                piece,always choosing the next piece
                that offers the most obvious and
                immediate benefit. So the problems
                where choosing locally optimal also
                leads to global solution are best
                fit for Greedy.
            </p>
        </div>
  
        <ul class="ulClass" style="height:300px">
            <li style="list-style-type:none;">
                <button class="linkClass" onclick=
                    "displayContent(event, 'interview')">
                    Interview
                </button>
            </li>
              
            <li style="list-style-type:none;">
                <button class="linkClass" onclick=
                    "displayContent(event, 'practice')">
                    Practice
                </button>
            </li>
  
            <li style="list-style-type:none;">
                <button class="linkClass" onclick=
                    "displayContent(event, 'python')">
                    Python
                </button>
            </li>
  
            <li style="list-style-type:none;">
                <button class="linkClass" onclick=
                    "displayContent(event, 'algorithms')">
                    Algorithms
                </button>
            </li>
        </ul>
    </div>
</body>
  
</html>


CSS




* {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}
  
#tabsDiv {
    height: 300px;
    border: 2px solid #c0c0c0;
}
  
#tabsDiv ul {
    height: 300px;
    padding: 0px 5px;
}
  
#tabsDiv li {
    width: 15%;
    height: 60px;
}
  
#tabsDiv button {
    float: left;
    border: 1px solid #c0c0c0;
    background-color: #f1f0f4;
}
  
/* Button to open the content */
#tabsDiv button {
    display: block;
    background-color: inherit;
    color: black;
    padding: 25px 15px;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: left;
    cursor: pointer;
}
  
/* Button styling on mouse hover */
#tabsDiv button:hover {
    background-color: #d1d1d1;
    color: lime;
}
  
#tabsDiv button.active {
    background-color: #c0c0c0;
}
  
/* Content for tabs*/
.contentClass {
    display: none;
    position: absolute;
    left: 18%;
    padding: 0px 15px;
    width: 70%;
    border-style: none;
    height: 300px;
}


Javascript




function displayContent(event, contentNameID) {
  
    let content =
        document.getElementsByClassName("contentClass");
    let totalCount = content.length;
  
    // Loop through the content class
    // and hide the tabs first
    for (let count = 0;
        count < totalCount; count++) {
        content[count].style.display = "none";
    }
  
    let links =
        document.getElementsByClassName("linkClass");
    totalLinks = links.length;
  
    // Loop through the links and
    // remove the active class
    for (let count = 0;
        count < totalLinks; count++) {
        links[count].classList.remove("active");
    }
  
    // Display the current tab
    document.getElementById(contentNameID)
        .style.display = "block";
  
    // Add the active class to the current tab
    event.currentTarget.classList.add("active");
}


Output: Click here to check the live Output.



Last Updated : 16 Jan, 2023
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