How to change column to row on small display in Bootstrap 4 ?
The task is to switch a column of Bootstrap 4 grid layout to a row on small screen sizes.
Syntax:
<element class="col-md-4 col-sm-6 ...">...</element>
Approach: To solve the given task we have to use Bootstrap 4’s grid layout. The grid layout divides the entire visible row into 12 equally sized columns. Once we are in a row we can easily specify the arrangement of rows and columns based on the screen size. This is done by adding the class “col-SIZE-SIZE_TO_OCCUPPY”.
For example, .col-md-4 which means take 4 columns on the medium-sized screens. If we stack multiple column classes on a single element we can define how we want the layout to look like on other screens and change the columns to rows as we want. For example, .col-md-4 .col-sm-6 means that the given element will occupy 4 columns in a row for medium screens (essentially allowing for more elements in a single row) while on smaller screens it will occupy 6 columns. If the sum of columns for any given row exceeds 12, it will be automatically shifted to the next row.
Available classes and screens:
| Name | Class | Screen Size |
|---|---|---|
| Extra small | col-SIZE | < 576px |
| Small | col-sm-SIZE | ≥ 576px |
| Medium | col-md-SIZE | ≥ 768px |
| Large | col-lg-SIZE | ≥ 992px |
| Extra Large | col-xl-SIZE | ≥ 1200px |
NOTE: SIZE in the above table is to be replaced by the desired column size of 0 to 12 inclusive.
Example 1: In this example, we will make a simple three-column row and shift one column to a new row on smaller screens.
html
<html><head> <link href= rel="stylesheet"></head><body> <center> <h1 style="color: green;">GeeksForGeeks</h1> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6" style="background-color: chartreuse;"> <br> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6" style="background-color: black;"> <br> </div> <!-- Sum of SM col exceeds 12 so if the screen is small (less than 576px) the last column will Automatically get aligned in the next row --> <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6" style="background-color: rebeccapurple;"> <br> </div> </div> </center></body></html> |
Output: As the display size gets smaller than 576px (SM) the column is automatically aligned to the next row.
Example 2: In this example, we will make a nested layout of grids where we will show the data column-wise on medium screens and switch to a single row as the screen size goes smaller.
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head> <link href= rel="stylesheet"></head><body> <center> <h1 style="color: green;">GeeksForGeeks</h1> <div class="row container"> <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-12"> <!-- Nested! switch to row as screen gets smaller --> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 col-sm-6" style="background-color: yellow;"> <h3>GeeksForGeeks is awesome!</h3> </div> <div class="col-md-12 col-sm-6" style="background-color: yellowgreen;"> <h3>GeeksForGeeks is actually for geeks!</h3> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-8 col-sm-12" style="background-color: tomato;"> <h3>I will switch to row as the screen goes smaller!</h3> </div> </div> </center></body></html> |
Output: The higher level row shrinks to a column as the screen size decreases but the nested grid layout has the opposite effect as defined. (they go from column to row)
Supported Browser:
- Google Chrome
- Internet Explorer (after 9.0)
- Firefox
- Opera
- Safari
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