Histogram in R using ggplot2

ggplot2 is an R Package that is dedicated to Data visualization. ggplot2 Package  Improve the quality and the beauty (aesthetics ) of the graph. By Using ggplot2 we can make almost every kind of graph In RStudio

A histogram is an approximate representation of the distribution of numerical data. In a histogram, each bar groups numbers into ranges. Taller bars show that more data falls in that range. A histogram displays the shape and spread of continuous sample data.

Histograms roughly give us an idea about the probability distribution of a given variable by depicting the frequencies of observations occurring in certain ranges of values. Basically, Histograms are used to show distributions of a given variable while bar charts are used to compare variables. Histograms plot quantitative data with ranges of the data grouped into the intervals while bar charts plot categorical data.

geom_histogram() function is an in-built function of ggplot2 module.

Approach

• Import module
• Create dataframe
• Create histogram using function
• Display plot

Example 1:

R

set.seed(123)

# In the above line,123 is set as the
# random number value
# The main point of using the seed is to
# be able to reproduce a particular sequence
# of 'random' numbers. and sed(n) reproduces
# random numbers results by seed
df <- data.frame(
   gender=factor(rep(c(
     "Average Female income ", "Average Male incmome"), each=20000)),
   Average_income=round(c(rnorm(20000, mean=15500, sd=500),
                          rnorm(20000, mean=17500, sd=600)))
)
head(df)

# if already installed ggplot2 then use library(ggplot2)
library(ggplot2)

# Basic histogram
ggplot(df, aes(x=Average_income)) + geom_histogram()

# Change the width of bins
ggplot(df, aes(x=Average_income)) +

   geom_histogram(binwidth=1)

# Change colors
p<-ggplot(df, aes(x=Average_income)) +

   geom_histogram(color="white", fill="red")
p

Output : 

Example 2:

R

plot_hist <- ggplot(airquality, aes(x = Ozone)) +

   # binwidth help to change the thickness (Width) of the bar
   geom_histogram(aes(fill = ..count..), binwidth = 10)+

   # name = "Mean ozone(03) in ppm parts per million "
   # name is used to give name to axis
   scale_x_continuous(name = "Mean ozone(03) in ppm parts per million ",
                      breaks = seq(0, 200, 25),
                      limits=c(0, 200)) +
   scale_y_continuous(name = "Count") +

   # ggtitle is used to give name to a chart
   ggtitle("Frequency of mean ozone(03)") +
   scale_fill_gradient("Count", low = "green", high = "red")

plot_hist

Output :