Hashtables Chaining with Doubly Linked Lists
Prerequisite – Hashing Introduction, Hashtable using Singly Linked List & Implementing our Own Hash Table with Separate Chaining in Java
Implementing hash table using Chaining through Doubly Linked List is similar to implementing Hashtable using Singly Linked List. The only difference is that every node of Linked List has the address of both, the next and the previous node. This will speed up the process of adding and removing elements from the list, hence the time complexity will be reduced drastically.
Example:
If we have a Singly linked list:
1->2->3->4If we are at 3 and there is a need to remove it, then 2 need to be linked with 4 and as from 3, 2 can’t be accessed as it is singly linked list. So, the list has to be traversed again i.e O(n), but if we have doubly linked list i.e.
1<->2<->3<->42 & 4 can be accessed from 3, hence in O(1), 3 can be removed.
Below is the implementation of the above approach:
// C++ implementation of Hashtable// using doubly linked list#include <bits/stdc++.h>using namespace std; const int tablesize = 25; // declaration of nodestruct hash_node { int val, key; hash_node* next; hash_node* prev;}; // hashmap's declarationclass HashMap {public: hash_node **hashtable, **top; // constructor HashMap() { // create a empty hashtable hashtable = new hash_node*[tablesize]; top = new hash_node*[tablesize]; for (int i = 0; i < tablesize; i++) { hashtable[i] = NULL; top[i] = NULL; } } // destructor ~HashMap() { delete[] hashtable; } // hash function definition int HashFunc(int key) { return key % tablesize; } // searching method void find(int key) { // Applying hashFunc to find // index for given key int hash_val = HashFunc(key); bool flag = false; hash_node* entry = hashtable[hash_val]; // if hashtable at that index has some // values stored if (entry != NULL) { while (entry != NULL) { if (entry->key == key) { flag = true; } if (flag) { cout << "Element found at key " << key << ": "; cout << entry->val << endl; } entry = entry->next; } } if (!flag) cout << "No Element found at key " << key << endl; } // removing an element void remove(int key) { // Applying hashFunc to find // index for given key int hash_val = HashFunc(key); hash_node* entry = hashtable[hash_val]; if (entry->key != key || entry == NULL) { cout << "Couldn't find any element at this key " << key << endl; return; } // if some values are present at that key & // traversing the list and removing all values while (entry != NULL) { if (entry->next == NULL) { if (entry->prev == NULL) { hashtable[hash_val] = NULL; top[hash_val] = NULL; delete entry; break; } else { top[hash_val] = entry->prev; top[hash_val]->next = NULL; delete entry; entry = top[hash_val]; } } entry = entry->next; } cout << "Element was successfully removed at the key " << key << endl; } // inserting method void add(int key, int value) { // Applying hashFunc to find // index for given key int hash_val = HashFunc(key); hash_node* entry = hashtable[hash_val]; // if key has no value stored if (entry == NULL) { // creating new node entry = new hash_node; entry->val = value; entry->key = key; entry->next = NULL; entry->prev = NULL; hashtable[hash_val] = entry; top[hash_val] = entry; } // if some values are present else { // traversing till the end of // the list while (entry != NULL) entry = entry->next; // creating the new node entry = new hash_node; entry->val = value; entry->key = key; entry->next = NULL; entry->prev = top[hash_val]; top[hash_val]->next = entry; top[hash_val] = entry; } cout << "Value " << value << " was successfully" " added at key " << key << endl; }}; // Driver Codeint main(){ HashMap hash; hash.add(4, 5); hash.find(4); hash.remove(4); return 0;} |
Value 5 was successfully added at key 4 Element found at key 4: 5 Element was successfully removed at the key 4
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