Given two unsorted arrays, find all pairs whose sum is x

Given two unsorted arrays of distinct elements, the task is to find all pairs from both arrays whose sum is equal to X.

Examples:

Input :  arr1[] = {-1, -2, 4, -6, 5, 7}
         arr2[] = {6, 3, 4, 0}  
         x = 8
Output : 4 4
         5 3
Input : arr1[] = {1, 2, 4, 5, 7} 
        arr2[] = {5, 6, 3, 4, 8}  
        x = 9
Output : 1 8
         4 5
         5 4

Asked in: Amazon

A Naive approach is to simply run two loops and pick elements from both arrays. One by one check that both elements sum is equal to given value x or not.

Implementation:

C++

// C++ program to find all pairs in both arrays
// whose sum is equal to given value x
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

// Function to print all pairs in both arrays
// whose sum is equal to given value x
void findPairs(int arr1[], int arr2[], int n, int m, int x)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
            if (arr1[i] + arr2[j] == x)
                cout << arr1[i] << " " << arr2[j] << endl;
}

// Driver code
int main()
{
    int arr1[] = { 1, 2, 3, 7, 5, 4 };
    int arr2[] = { 0, 7, 4, 3, 2, 1 };
    int n = sizeof(arr1) / sizeof(int);
    int m = sizeof(arr2) / sizeof(int);
    int x = 8;
    findPairs(arr1, arr2, n, m, x);
    return 0;
}

// This code is contributed by Aditya Kumar (adityakumar129)

C

// C program to find all pairs in both arrays
// whose sum is equal to given value x
#include <stdio.h>

// Function to print all pairs in both arrays
// whose sum is equal to given value x
void findPairs(int arr1[], int arr2[], int n, int m, int x)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
            if (arr1[i] + arr2[j] == x)
                printf("%d %d\n", arr1[i], arr2[j]);
}

// Driver code
int main()
{
    int arr1[] = { 1, 2, 3, 7, 5, 4 };
    int arr2[] = { 0, 7, 4, 3, 2, 1 };
    int n = sizeof(arr1) / sizeof(int);
    int m = sizeof(arr2) / sizeof(int);
    int x = 8;
    findPairs(arr1, arr2, n, m, x);
    return 0;
}

// This code is contributed by Aditya Kumar (adityakumar129)

Java

// Java program to find all pairs in both arrays
// whose sum is equal to given value x
import java.io.*;

class GFG {

    // Function to print all pairs in both arrays
    // whose sum is equal to given value x
    static void findPairs(int arr1[], int arr2[], int n,
                          int m, int x)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
                if (arr1[i] + arr2[j] == x)
                    System.out.println(arr1[i] + " "
                                       + arr2[j]);
    }

    // Driver code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int arr1[] = { 1, 2, 3, 7, 5, 4 };
        int arr2[] = { 0, 7, 4, 3, 2, 1 };
        int x = 8;
        findPairs(arr1, arr2, arr1.length, arr2.length, x);
    }
}

// This code is contributed
// by sunnysingh

Python3

# Python 3 program to find all
# pairs in both arrays whose
# sum is equal to given value x

# Function to print all pairs
# in both arrays whose sum is
# equal to given value x
def findPairs(arr1, arr2, n, m, x):

    for i in range(0, n):
        for j in range(0, m):
            if (arr1[i] + arr2[j] == x):
                print(arr1[i], arr2[j])

# Driver code
arr1 = [1, 2, 3, 7, 5, 4]
arr2 = [0, 7, 4, 3, 2, 1]
n = len(arr1)
m = len(arr2)
x = 8
findPairs(arr1, arr2, n, m, x)

# This code is contributed by Smitha Dinesh Semwal

C#

// C# program to find all
// pairs in both arrays
// whose sum is equal to
// given value x
using System;

class GFG {

    // Function to print all
    // pairs in both arrays
    // whose sum is equal to
    // given value x
    static void findPairs(int[] arr1, int[] arr2,
                          int n, int m, int x)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
                if (arr1[i] + arr2[j] == x)
                    Console.WriteLine(arr1[i] + " " + arr2[j]);
    }

    // Driver code
    static void Main()
    {
        int[] arr1 = { 1, 2, 3, 7, 5, 4 };
        int[] arr2 = { 0, 7, 4, 3, 2, 1 };
        int x = 8;
        findPairs(arr1, arr2,
                  arr1.Length,
                  arr2.Length, x);
    }
}

// This code is contributed
// by Sam007

Javascript

<script>

// Javascript program to find all pairs in both arrays
// whose sum is equal to given value x

// Function to print all pairs in both arrays
// whose sum is equal to given value x
function findPairs(arr1, arr2, n, m, x)
{
    for (let i = 0; i < n; i++)
        for (let j = 0; j < m; j++)
            if (arr1[i] + arr2[j] == x)
                document.write(arr1[i] + " "
                     + arr2[j] + "<br>");
}

// Driver code
    let arr1 = [ 1, 2, 3, 7, 5, 4 ];
    let arr2 = [ 0, 7, 4, 3, 2, 1 ];
    let n = arr1.length;
    let m = arr2.length;
    let x = 8;
    findPairs(arr1, arr2, n, m, x);


// This code is contributed by Surbhi Tyagi.

</script>

PHP

<?php
// PHP program to find all pairs
// in both arrays whose sum is
// equal to given value x

// Function to print all pairs
// in both arrays whose sum is
// equal to given value x
function findPairs($arr1, $arr2,
                   $n, $m, $x)
{
    for ($i = 0; $i < $n; $i++)
        for ($j = 0; $j < $m; $j++)
            if ($arr1[$i] + $arr2[$j] == $x)
                echo $arr1[$i] . " " .
                     $arr2[$j] . "\n";
}

// Driver code
$arr1 = array(1, 2, 3, 7, 5, 4);
$arr2 = array(0, 7, 4, 3, 2, 1);
$n = count($arr1);
$m = count($arr2);
$x = 8;
findPairs($arr1, $arr2,
          $n, $m, $x);

// This code is contributed
// by Sam007
?>

Output

1 7
7 1
5 3
4 4

Time Complexity : O(n^2) 
Auxiliary Space : O(1)

Searching Approach : As we know sorting algorithms can sort data in O (n log n) time. So we will choose a O (n log n) time algorithm like : Quick Sort or Heap Sort. For each element of second array , we will subtract it from K and search it in the first array.

Steps:

1. First sort the given array using a O(n log n) algorithm like Heap Sort or Quick Sort.
2. Run a loop for each element of array-B (0 to n).
3. Inside the loop, use a temporary variable say temp, and temp = K – B[i].
4. Search the temp variable in the first array i.e. A, using Binary Search(log n).

If the element is found in A then there exists a ∈ A and b ∈ B such that a + b = K.

Implementation:

C++

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

void heapify(int a[] , int n , int i)
{
    int rootLargest = i;
    int lchild = 2 * i;
    int rchild = (2 * i) + 1;

    if (lchild < n && a[lchild] > a[rootLargest])
        rootLargest = lchild;

    if (rchild < n && a[rchild] > a[rootLargest])
        rootLargest = rchild;

    if (rootLargest != i)
    {
        swap(a[i] , a[rootLargest]);
        heapify(a , n , rootLargest);
    }
}

int binarySearch(int a[] , int l , int r , int x)
{
    while (l <= r)
    {
        int m = l + (r - l) / 2;
        if (a[m] == x)
            return m;
        if (a[m] < x)
            l = m + 1;
        else
            r = m - 1;
    }
    return -1;
}

int main()
{
    int A[] = {1,2,1,3,4};
    int B[] = {3,1,5,1,2};
    int K = 8;
    int n = sizeof(A) / sizeof(A[0]);
    // Building the heap
    for (int i = n / 2 - 1 ; i >= 1; i--)
        heapify(A , n , i);
    for(int i=0 ; i<n ; i++)                    //O(n)
    {
        int temp = K - B[i];                    //O(1)
        if(binarySearch(A , 0 , n-1 , temp))    //O(logn)
        {
            cout<<"\nFound the elements.\n";
            break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

// This code is contributed by Aditya Kumar (adityakumar129)

C

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void heapify(int a[], int n, int i)
{
    int rootLargest = i;
    int lchild = 2 * i;
    int rchild = (2 * i) + 1;

    if (lchild < n && a[lchild] > a[rootLargest])
        rootLargest = lchild;

    if (rchild < n && a[rchild] > a[rootLargest])
        rootLargest = rchild;

    if (rootLargest != i) {
        int temp = a[i];
        a[i] = a[rootLargest];
        a[rootLargest] = temp;
        heapify(a, n, rootLargest);
    }
}

int binarySearch(int a[], int l, int r, int x)
{
    while (l <= r) {
        int m = l + (r - l) / 2;
        if (a[m] == x)
            return m;
        if (a[m] < x)
            l = m + 1;
        else
            r = m - 1;
    }
    return -1;
}

int main()
{
    int A[] = { 1, 2, 1, 3, 4 };
    int B[] = { 3, 1, 5, 1, 2 };
    int K = 8;
    int n = sizeof(A) / sizeof(A[0]);
    // Building the heap
    for (int i = n / 2 - 1; i >= 1; i--)
        heapify(A, n, i);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) // O(n)
    {
        int temp = K - B[i]; // O(1)
        if (binarySearch(A, 0, n - 1, temp)) // O(logn)
        {
            printf("\nFound the elements.\n");
            break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

// This code is contributed by Aditya Kumar (adityakumar129)

Java

import java.util.*;

class GFG{
  static   int A[] = {1,2,1,3,4};
  static void heapify( int n , int i)
  {
    int rootLargest = i;
    int lchild = 2 * i;
    int rchild = (2 * i) + 1;

    if (lchild < n && A[lchild] > A[rootLargest])
      rootLargest = lchild;

    if (rchild < n && A[rchild] > A[rootLargest])
      rootLargest = rchild;

    if (rootLargest != i)
    {
      int t = A[i];
      A[i] = A[rootLargest];
      A[rootLargest] = t;
      //Recursion
      heapify( n , rootLargest);
    }
  }

  static int binarySearch( int l , int r , int x)
  {
    while (l <= r)
    {
      int m = l + (r - l) / 2;

      if (A[m] == x)
        return m;

      if (A[m] < x)
        l = m + 1;

      else
        r = m - 1;
    }
    return -1;
  }

  public static void main(String[] args)
  {

    int B[] = {3,1,5,1,2};

    int K = 8;

    int n = A.length;

    // Building the heap
    for (int i = n / 2 - 1 ; i >= 1; i--)
      heapify( n , i);

    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)                    //O(n)
    {
      int temp = K - B[i];                    //O(1)

      if(binarySearch(0, n - 1, temp - 1) != -1)    //O(logn)
      {
        System.out.print("\nFound the elements.\n");
        break;
      }
    }
  }
}

// This code is contributed by Rajput-Ji

Python3

A = [ 1, 2, 1, 3, 4 ];

def heapify(n, i):
    rootLargest = i;
    lchild = 2 * i;
    rchild = (2 * i) + 1;

    if (lchild < n and A[lchild] > A[rootLargest]):
        rootLargest = lchild;

    if (rchild < n and A[rchild] > A[rootLargest]):
        rootLargest = rchild;

    if (rootLargest != i):
        t = A[i];
        A[i] = A[rootLargest];
        A[rootLargest] = t;
        # Recursion
        heapify(n, rootLargest);



def binarySearch(l, r, x):
    while (l <= r):
        m = l + (r - l) // 2;

        if (A[m] == x):
            return m;

        if (A[m] < x):
            l = m + 1;

        else:
            r = m - 1;

    return -1;

if __name__ == '__main__':

    B = [ 3, 1, 5, 1, 2 ];

    K = 8;

    n = len(A);

    # Building the heap
    for i in range(n// 2 - 1,0, -1):
        heapify(n, i);

    for i in range(n):
        temp = K - B[i];
        if (binarySearch(0, n - 1, temp - 1) != -1):
            print("\nFound the elements.");
            break;

# This code is contributed by Rajput-Ji

C#

using System;
public class GFG {
  static int []A = { 1, 2, 1, 3, 4 };

  static void heapify(int n, int i) {
    int rootLargest = i;
    int lchild = 2 * i;
    int rchild = (2 * i) + 1;

    if (lchild < n && A[lchild] > A[rootLargest])
      rootLargest = lchild;

    if (rchild < n && A[rchild] > A[rootLargest])
      rootLargest = rchild;

    if (rootLargest != i) {
      int t = A[i];
      A[i] = A[rootLargest];
      A[rootLargest] = t;
      // Recursion
      heapify(n, rootLargest);
    }
  }

  static int binarySearch(int l, int r, int x) {
    while (l <= r) {
      int m = l + (r - l) / 2;

      if (A[m] == x)
        return m;

      if (A[m] < x)
        l = m + 1;

      else
        r = m - 1;
    }
    return -1;
  }

  public static void Main(String[] args) {

    int []B = { 3, 1, 5, 1, 2 };
    int K = 8;
    int n = A.Length;

    // Building the heap
    for (int i = n / 2 - 1; i >= 1; i--)
      heapify(n, i);

    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) // O(n)
    {
      int temp = K - B[i]; // O(1)

      if (binarySearch(0, n - 1, temp - 1) != -1) // O(logn)
      {
        Console.Write("\nFound the elements.\n");
        break;
      }
    }
  }
}

// This code is contributed by Rajput-Ji

Javascript

<script>
function heapify(a,n,i)
{
    let rootLargest = i;
    let lchild = 2 * i;
    let rchild = (2 * i) + 1;

    if (lchild < n && a[lchild] > a[rootLargest])
        rootLargest = lchild;

    if (rchild < n && a[rchild] > a[rootLargest])
        rootLargest = rchild;

    if (rootLargest != i)
    {
        swap(a[i] , a[rootLargest]);

        //Recursion
        heapify(a , n , rootLargest);
    }
}

function binarySearch(a,l,r,x)
{
    while (l <= r)
    {
        let m = l + (r - l) / 2;

        if (a[m] == x)
            return m;

        if (a[m] < x)
            l = m + 1;

        else
            r = m - 1;
    }
    return -1;
}
    let A = [1,2,1,3,4];
    let B = [3,1,5,1,2];

    let K = 8;

    let n = A.length;

    // Building the heap
    for (let i = n / 2 - 1 ; i >= 1; i--)
        heapify(A , n , i);

    for(let i=0 ; i<n ; i++)                 //O(n)
    {
        let temp = K - B[i];                 //O(1)

        if(binarySearch(A , 0 , n-1 , temp)) //O(logn)
        {
            document.write("\nFound the elements.\n");
            break;
        }
    }

</script>

Output

Found the elements.

Time Complexity: O(n* logn).
Auxiliary Space: O(1), because we are not using any extra space.

Another solution of this problem is using unordered_set in C++. 

• We store all first array elements in unordered_set.
• For elements of second array, we subtract every element from x and check the result in unordered_set table.
• If result is present, we print the element and key in set (which is an element of first array).

Implementation:

C++

// C++ program to find all pair in both arrays
// whose sum is equal to given value x
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

// Function to find all pairs in both arrays
// whose sum is equal to given value x
void findPairs(int arr1[], int arr2[], int n,
               int m, int x)
{
    // Insert all elements of first array in a set
    unordered_set<int> s;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        s.insert(arr1[i]);

    // Subtract sum from second array elements one
    // by one and check it's present in array first
    // or not
    for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
        if (s.find(x - arr2[j]) != s.end())
            cout << x - arr2[j] << " "
                 << arr2[j] << endl;
}

// Driver code
int main()
{
    int arr1[] = { 1, 0, -4, 7, 6, 4 };
    int arr2[] = { 0, 2, 4, -3, 2, 1 };
    int x = 8;
    int n = sizeof(arr1) / sizeof(int);
    int m = sizeof(arr2) / sizeof(int);
    findPairs(arr1, arr2, n, m, x);
    return 0;
}

Java

// JAVA Code for Given two unsorted arrays,
// find all pairs whose sum is x
import java.util.*;

class GFG {

    // Function to find all pairs in both arrays
    // whose sum is equal to given value x
    public static void findPairs(int arr1[], int arr2[],
                                 int n, int m, int x)
    {
        // Insert all elements of first array in a hash
        HashMap<Integer, Integer> s = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();

        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            s.put(arr1[i], 0);

        // Subtract sum from second array elements one
        // by one and check it's present in array first
        // or not
        for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
            if (s.containsKey(x - arr2[j]))
                System.out.println(x - arr2[j] + " " + arr2[j]);
    }

    /* Driver program to test above function */
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int arr1[] = { 1, 0, -4, 7, 6, 4 };
        int arr2[] = { 0, 2, 4, -3, 2, 1 };
        int x = 8;

        findPairs(arr1, arr2, arr1.length, arr2.length, x);
    }
}
// This code is contributed by Arnav Kr. Mandal.

Python3

# Python3 program to find all
# pair in both arrays whose
# sum is equal to given value x

# Function to find all pairs
# in both arrays whose sum is
# equal to given value x
def findPairs(arr1, arr2, n, m, x):

    # Insert all elements of
    # first array in a hash
    s = set()
    for i in range (0, n):
        s.add(arr1[i])

    # Subtract sum from second
    # array elements one by one
    # and check it's present in
    # array first or not
    for j in range(0, m):
        if ((x - arr2[j]) in s):
            print((x - arr2[j]), '', arr2[j])

# Driver code
arr1 = [1, 0, -4, 7, 6, 4]
arr2 = [0, 2, 4, -3, 2, 1]
x = 8

n = len(arr1)
m = len(arr2)
findPairs(arr1, arr2, n, m, x)

# This code is contributed
# by ihritik

C#

// C# Code for Given two unsorted arrays,
// find all pairs whose sum is x
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

class GFG {

    // Function to find all pairs in
    // both arrays whose sum is equal
    // to given value x
    public static void findPairs(int[] arr1, int[] arr2,
                                 int n, int m, int x)
    {
        // Insert all elements of first
        // array in a hash
        Dictionary<int,
                   int>
            s = new Dictionary<int,
                               int>();

        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            s[arr1[i]] = 0;
        }

        // Subtract sum from second array
        // elements one by one and check
        // it's present in array first
        // or not
        for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
            if (s.ContainsKey(x - arr2[j])) {
                Console.WriteLine(x - arr2[j] + " " + arr2[j]);
            }
        }
    }

    // Driver Code
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        int[] arr1 = new int[] { 1, 0, -4, 7, 6, 4 };
        int[] arr2 = new int[] { 0, 2, 4, -3, 2, 1 };
        int x = 8;

        findPairs(arr1, arr2, arr1.Length,
                  arr2.Length, x);
    }
}

// This code is contributed by Shrikant13

Javascript

<script>

//  Javascript Code for Given two unsorted arrays,
// find all pairs whose sum is x

    // Function to find all pairs in both arrays
    // whose sum is equal to given value x
    function findPairs(arr1, arr2, n, m, x)
    {
        // Insert all elements of first array in a hash
        let s = new Map();

        for (let i = 0; i < n; i++)
            s.set(arr1[i], 0);

        // Subtract sum from second array elements one
        // by one and check it's present in array first
        // or not
        for (let j = 0; j < m; j++)
            if (s.has(x - arr2[j]))
                document.write(x - arr2[j] + " " + arr2[j] + "<br/>");
    }

    // Driver code

    let arr1 = [ 1, 0, -4, 7, 6, 4 ];
        let arr2 = [ 0, 2, 4, -3, 2, 1 ];
        let x = 8;

        findPairs(arr1, arr2, arr1.length, arr2.length, x);

</script>

Output

6 2
4 4
6 2
7 1

Time Complexity: O(n)
Auxiliary Space: O(n)

This article is contributed by DANISH_RAZA and improved by anurag_pathak. If you like GeeksforGeeks and would like to contribute, you can also write an article using write.geeksforgeeks.org or mail your article to review-team@geeksforgeeks.org. See your article appearing on the GeeksforGeeks main page and help other Geeks.