GATE | GATE CS 2013 | Question 65
What is the maximum number of reduce moves that can be taken by a bottom-up parser for a grammar with no epsilon- and unit-production (i.e., of type A -> Ñ” and A -> a) to parse a string with n tokens?
(A)
n/2
(B)
n-1
(C)
2n-1
(D)
2n
Answer: (B)
Explanation:
Given in the question, a grammar with no epsilon- and unit-production (i.e., of type A -> Ñ” and A -> a).
To get maximum number of Reduce moves, we should make sure than in each sentential form only one terminal is reduced. Since there is no unit production, so last 2 tokens will take only 1 move.
So To Reduce input string of n tokens, first Reduce n-2 tokens using n-2 reduce moves and then Reduce last 2 tokens using production which has . So total of n-2+1 = n-1 Reduce moves.
Suppose the string is abcd. ( n = 4 ).
We can write the grammar which accepts this string as follows:
S->aB
B->bC
C->cd
The Right Most Derivation for the above is:
S -> aB ( Reduction 3 )
-> abC ( Reduction 2 )
-> abcd ( Reduction 1 )
We can see here that no production is for unit or epsilon. Hence 3 reductions here. We can get less number of reductions with some other grammar which also doesn’t produce unit or epsilon productions,
S->abA
A-> cd
The Right Most Derivation for the above as:
S -> abA ( Reduction 2 )
-> abcd ( Reduction 1 )
Hence 2 reductions.
But we are interested in knowing the maximum number of reductions which comes from the 1st grammar. Hence total 3 reductions is maximum, which is ( n – 1) as n = 4 here.
Thus, Option B.
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Last Updated :
10 Sep, 2021
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