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GATE | GATE CS 2013 | Question 1

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A binary operation \oplus on a set of integers is defined as x \oplus y = x2 + y2. Which one of the following statements is TRUE about \oplus? (A) Commutative but not associative (B) Both commutative and associative (C) Associative but not commutative (D) Neither commutative nor associative

Answer: (A)

Explanation: Associativity: A binary operation ∗ on a set S is said to be associative if it satisfies the associative law: a ∗ (b ∗c) = (a ∗b) ∗c for all a, b, c ∈S. Commutativity: A binary operation ∗ on a set S is said to be commutative if it satisfies the condition: a ∗b=b ∗a for all a, b, ∈S. In this case, the order in which elements are combined does not matter. Solution: Here a binary operation on a set of integers is defined as x⊕ y = x2 + y2. for Commutativity: x ⊕y= y ⊕x. LHS=> x ⊕y= x^2+ y^2 RHS=> y ⊕x= y^2+x^2 LHS = RHS. hence commutative. for Associativity: x ⊕ (y ⊕ z) =(x ⊕ y) ⊕ z LHS=> x ⊕ (y⊕ z) = x ⊕ ( y^2+z^2)= x^2+(y^2+z^2)^2 RHS=> (x ⊕y) ⊕z= ( x^2+y^2) ⊕z=(x^2+y^2)^2+z^2 So, LHS ≠ RHS, hence not associative. Reference: http://faculty.atu.edu/mfinan/4033/absalg3.pdf This solution is contributed by Nitika Bansal Another Solution : \oplus commutative as x\oplusy is always same as y\oplusx. \oplus is not associative as (x\oplusy)\oplusz is (x^2 + y^2)^2 + z^2, but x\oplus(y\oplusz) is x^2 + (y^2 + z^2)^2.

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Last Updated : 28 Jun, 2021
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