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Find unique elements in a matrix

  • Difficulty Level : Basic
  • Last Updated : 07 Jul, 2021

Given a matrix mat[][] having n rows and m columns. We need to find unique elements in matrix i.e, those elements which are not repeated in the matrix or those elements whose frequency is 1. 

Examples: 

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Input :  20  15  30  2
         2   3   5   30
         6   7   6   8
Output : 3  20  5  7  8  15 

Input :  1  2  3  
         5  6  2
         1  3  5
         6  2  2
Output : No unique element in the matrix

Follow these steps to find unique element: 
1. Create an empty hash table or dictionary. 
2. Traverse through all the elements of the matrix 
3. If element is present in the dictionary, then increment its count 
4. Otherwise insert element with value = 1. 

C++




// C++ program to find unique
// element in matrix
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define R 4
#define C 4
 
// function that calculate unique element
int unique(int mat[R][C], int n, int m)
{
    int maximum = 0, flag = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        for(int j = 0; j < m; j++)
            // Find maximum element in
            // a matrix
            if(maximum < mat[i][j])
                    maximum = mat[i][j];
 
    // Take 1-D array of (maximum + 1)
    // size
    int b[maximum + 1] = {0};
    for(int i = 0 ; i < n; i++)
        for(int j = 0; j < m; j++)
            b[mat[i][j]]++;
 
    //print unique element
    for(int i = 1; i <= maximum; i++)
        if(b[i] == 1)
            cout << i << " ";
            flag = 1;
             
    if(!flag){
        cout << "No unique element in the matrix";
    }
}
 
// Driver program
int main()
{
    int mat[R][C] = {{ 1, 2, 3, 20},
                     {5, 6, 20, 25},
                     {1, 3, 5, 6},
                     {6, 7, 8, 15}};
                      
    // function that calculate unique element
    unique(mat, R, C);
    return 0;
}
 
// This code is contributed by Naman_Garg.
Java



// Java program to find unique
// element in matrix
class GFG
{
static int R = 4, C = 4;
 
// function that calculate
// unique element
static void unique(int mat[][],
                   int n, int m)
{
    int maximum = 0, flag = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        for(int j = 0; j < m; j++)
         
            // Find maximum element
            // in a matrix
            if(maximum < mat[i][j])
                    maximum = mat[i][j];
 
    // Take 1-D array of
    // (maximum + 1) size
    int b[] = new int [maximum + 1];
    for(int i = 0 ; i < n; i++)
        for(int j = 0; j < m; j++)
            b[mat[i][j]]++;
 
    //print unique element
    for(int i = 1; i <= maximum; i++)
        if(b[i] == 1)
            System.out.print(i + " ");
            flag = 1;
             
    if(flag == 0)
    {
        System.out.println("No unique element " +
                                "in the matrix");
    }
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void main(String args[])
{
    int mat[][] = {{1, 2, 3, 20},
                   {5, 6, 20, 25},
                   {1, 3, 5, 6},
                   {6, 7, 8, 15}};
                     
    // function that calculate
    // unique element
    unique(mat, R, C);
}
}
 
// This code is contributed
// by Arnab Kundu
Python3



# Python 3 program to find unique
# element in matrix
def unique(mat, n, m):
 
    maximum = 0; flag = 0
     
    for i in range(0, n):
        for j in range(0, m):
             
            # Find maximum element in
            # a matrix
            if(maximum < mat[i][j]):
                maximum = mat[i][j];
 
    uniqueElementDict = [0] * (maximum + 1)
 
    # loops to traverse through the matrix
    for i in range(0, n):
        for j in range(0, m):
                uniqueElementDict[mat[i][j]] += 1
 
    # Print all those keys whose count is 1
    for key in range(maximum + 1):
        if uniqueElementDict[key] == 1:
            print (key, end = " ")
            flag = 1
     
    if(flag == 0):
        print("No unique element in the matrix")
 
# Driver Code
mat = [[1, 2, 3, 20],
       [5, 6, 20, 25],
       [1, 3, 5, 6],
       [6, 7, 8, 15]]
n = 4
m = 4
unique(mat, n, m)
C#



// C# program to find unique
// element in matrix
using System;
 
class GFG
{
static int R = 4, C = 4;
 
// function that calculate
// unique element
static void unique(int [,]mat,
                   int n, int m)
{
    int maximum = 0, flag = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        for(int j = 0; j < m; j++)
         
            // Find maximum element
            // in a matrix
            if(maximum < mat[i, j])
                    maximum = mat[i, j];
 
    // Take 1-D array of
    // (maximum + 1) size
    int []b = new int [maximum + 1];
    for(int i = 0 ; i < n; i++)
        for(int j = 0; j < m; j++)
            b[mat[i, j]]++;
 
    // print unique element
    for(int i = 1; i <= maximum; i++)
        if(b[i] == 1)
            Console.Write(i + " ");
            flag = 1;
             
    if(flag == 0)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("No unique element " +
                               "in the matrix");
    }
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void Main()
{
    int [,]mat = {{1, 2, 3, 20},
                  {5, 6, 20, 25},
                  {1, 3, 5, 6},
                  {6, 7, 8, 15}};
                     
    // function that calculate
    // unique element
    unique(mat, R, C);
}
}
 
// This code is contributed
// by Subhadeep
PHP



<?php
// PHP program to find unique
// element in matrix
 
$R = 4;
$C = 4;
 
// function that calculate unique element
function unique($mat, $n, $m)
{
    $maximum = 0;
    $flag = 0;
    for($i = 0; $i < $n; $i++)
        for($j = 0; $j < $m; $j++)
         
            // Find maximum element in
            // a matrix
            if($maximum < $mat[$i][$j])
                    $maximum = $mat[$i][$j];
 
    // Take 1-D array of (maximum + 1)
    // size
    $b = array();
    for($j = 0; $j < $maximum + 1; $j++)
        $b[$j] = 0;
     
    for($i = 0 ; $i < $n; $i++)
        for($j = 0; $j < $m; $j++)
            $b[$mat[$i][$j]]++;
 
    // print unique element
    for($i = 1; $i <= $maximum; $i++)
        if($b[$i] == 1)
            echo "$i ";
            $flag = 1;
             
    if(!$flag)
    {
        echo "No unique element in the matrix";
    }
}
 
// Driver Code
$mat = array(array(1, 2, 3, 20),
             array(5, 6, 20, 25),
             array(1, 3, 5, 6),
             array(6, 7, 8, 15));
                 
// function that calculate unique element
unique($mat, $R, $C);
 
// This code is contributed by iAyushRaj
?>
Javascript



<script>
 
// Javascript program to find unique
// element in matrix
var R = 4, C = 4;
 
// Function that calculate
// unique element
function unique(mat, n, m)
{
    var maximum = 0, flag = 0;
    for(var i = 0; i < n; i++)
        for(var j = 0; j < m; j++)
         
            // Find maximum element
            // in a matrix
            if (maximum < mat[i][j])
                maximum = mat[i][j];
 
    // Take 1-D array of
    // (maximum + 1) size
    var b = Array(maximum+1).fill(0);
    for(var i = 0 ; i < n; i++)
        for(var j = 0; j < m; j++)
            b[mat[i][j]]++;
 
    // Print unique element
    for(var i = 1; i <= maximum; i++)
        if (b[i] == 1)
            document.write(i + " ");
            flag = 1;
             
    if (flag == 0)
    {
        document.write("No unique element " +
                       "in the matrix<br>");
    }
}
 
// Driver Code
var mat = [ [ 1, 2, 3, 20 ],
            [ 5, 6, 20, 25 ],
            [ 1, 3, 5, 6 ],
            [ 6, 7, 8, 15 ] ];
                 
// Function that calculate
// unique element
unique(mat, R, C);
 
// This code is contributed by rrrtnx
 
</script>
Output
2 7 8 15 25 



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shivani.mittal
@shivani.mittal
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