Find the real and imaginary part of a Complex number

Given a complex number Z, the task is to determine the real and imaginary parts of this complex number.
Examples:

Input: z = 3 + 4i 
Output: Real part: 3, Imaginary part: 4
Input: z = 6 – 8i 
Output: Real part: 6, Imaginary part: 8 

Approach: A complex number can be represented as Z = x + yi, where x is real part and y is imaginary. 
We will follow the below steps to separate out real and imaginary part 

1. Find out the index of + or – operator in the string
2. Real part will be a substring starting from index 0 to a length (index of operator – 1)
3. Imaginary part will be a substring starting from index (index of operator + 1) to (length of string – index of operator – 2)

Implementation:

C++

// C++ program to find the real and
// imaginary parts of a Complex Number
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

// Function to find real and imaginary
// parts of a complex number
void findRealAndImag(string s)
{
    // string length stored in variable l
    int l = s.length();

    // variable for the index of the separator
    int i;

    // Storing the index of '+'
    if (s.find('+') < l) {
        i = s.find('+');
    }
    // else storing the index of '-'
    else {
        i = s.find('-');
    }

    // Finding the real part
    // of the complex number
    string real = s.substr(0, i);

    // Finding the imaginary part
    // of the complex number
    string imaginary = s.substr(i + 1, l - i - 2);

    cout << "Real part: " << real << "\n";
    cout << "Imaginary part: "
         << imaginary << "\n";
}

// Driver code
int main()
{
    string s = "3+4i";

    findRealAndImag(s);

    return 0;
}

Java

// Java program to find the real and
// imaginary parts of a Complex Number
class GFG
{
    // Function to find real and imaginary
    // parts of a complex number
    static void findRealAndImag(String s)
    {
        // string length stored in variable l
        int l = s.length();

        // variable for the index of the separator
        int i;

        // Storing the index of '+'
        if (s.indexOf('+') != -1) {
            i = s.indexOf('+');
        }

        // else storing the index of '-'
        else {
            i = s.indexOf('-');
        }

        // Finding the real part
        // of the complex number
        String real = s.substring(0, i);

        // Finding the imaginary part
        // of the complex number
        String imaginary = s.substring(i + 1, l - 1);

        System.out.println("Real part: " + real );
        System.out.println("Imaginary part: "+
              imaginary);
    }

    // Driver code
    public static void main(String []args)
    {
        String s = "3+4i";

        findRealAndImag(s);

    }
}

// This code is contributed by chitranayal

Python3

# Python3 program to find the real and
# imaginary parts of a Complex Number

# Function to find real and imaginary
# parts of a complex number
def findRealAndImag(s) :

    # string length stored in variable l
    l = len(s)

    # variable for the index of the separator
    i = 0

    # Storing the index of '+'
    if (s.find('+') != -1):
        i = s.find('+')
    # else storing the index of '-'
    else:
        i = s.find('-');

    # Finding the real part
    # of the complex number
    real = s[:i]

    # Finding the imaginary part
    # of the complex number
    imaginary = s[i + 1:l  - 1]

    print("Real part:", real)
    print("Imaginary part:", imaginary)

# Driver code
s = "3+4i";

findRealAndImag(s);

# This code is contributed by Sanjit_Prasad

C#

// C# program to find the real and
// imaginary parts of a Complex Number
using System;

class GFG
{
    // Function to find real and imaginary
    // parts of a complex number
    static void findRealAndImag(String s)
    {
        // string length stored in variable l
        int l = s.Length;

        // variable for the index of the separator
        int i;

        // Storing the index of '+'
        if (s.IndexOf('+') != -1) {
            i = s.IndexOf('+');
        }

        // else storing the index of '-'
        else {
            i = s.IndexOf('-');
        }

        // Finding the real part
        // of the complex number
        String real = s.Substring(0, i);

        // Finding the imaginary part
        // of the complex number
        String imaginary = s.Substring(i + 1, l - i - 2);

        Console.WriteLine("Real part: " + real );
        Console.WriteLine("Imaginary part: "+
              imaginary);
    }

    // Driver code
    public static void Main(String []args)
    {
        String s = "3+4i";

        findRealAndImag(s);

    }
}

// This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar

Javascript

<script>

// JavaScript program to find the real and
// imaginary parts of a Complex Number

    // Function to find real and imaginary
    // parts of a complex number
    function findRealAndImag(s)
    {
        // string length stored in variable l
        let l = s.length - 1;

        // variable for the index of the separator
        let i;

        // Storing the index of '+'
        if (s.indexOf('+') != -1) {
            i = s.indexOf('+');
        }

        // else storing the index of '-'
        else {
            i = s.indexOf('-');
        }

        // Finding the real part
        // of the complex number
        let real = s.substr(0, i);

        // Finding the imaginary part
        // of the complex number
        let imaginary = s.substr(i + 1, l - 2 );

        document.write("Real part: " + real +"<br/>" );
        document.write("Imaginary part: "+
              imaginary);
    }

// Driver code

    let s = "3+4i";

    findRealAndImag(s);

</script>

Output:

Real part: 3
Imaginary part: 4

Performance Analysis:

• Time Complexity: In the above approach, as we are doing a constant number of operations regardless of the length of string, the time complexity is O(1)
• Auxiliary Space Complexity: In the above approach, we are not using any extra space apart from a few variables. So Auxiliary space complexity is O(1)