Find the Largest number with given number of digits and sum of digits

How to find the largest number with given digit sum s and number of digits d?

Examples:

Input  : s = 9, d = 2
Output : 90

Input  : s = 20, d = 3
Output : 992

Recommended: Please solve it on “PRACTICE ” first, before moving on to the solution.

A Simple Solution is to consider all m digit numbers and keep track of maximum number with digit sum as s. A close upper bound on time complexity of this solution is O(10^m).

There is a Greedy approach to solve the problem. The idea is to one by one fill all digits from leftmost to rightmost (or from most significant digit to least significant).
We compare the remaining sum with 9 if the remaining sum is more than 9, we put 9 at the current position, else we put the remaining sum. Since we fill digits from left to right, we put the highest digits on the left side, hence get the largest number.

Below image is an illustration of the above approach:

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

C++

// C++ program to find the largest number that can be 
// formed from given sum of digits and number of digits. 
#include <iostream> 
using namespace std; 
  
// Prints the smalles possible number with digit sum 's' 
// and 'm' number of digits. 
void findLargest(int m, int s) 
{ 
    // If sum of digits is 0, then a nuber is possible 
    // only if number of digits is 1. 
    if (s == 0) 
    { 
        (m == 1)? cout << "Largest number is " << 0 
                       : cout << "Not possible"; 
        return ; 
    } 
  
    // Sum greater than the maximum possible sum. 
    if (s > 9*m) 
    { 
        cout << "Not possible"; 
        return ; 
    } 
  
    // Create an array to store digits of result 
    int res[m]; 
  
    // Fill from most significant digit to least 
    // significant digit. 
    for (int i=0; i<m; i++) 
    { 
        // Fill 9 first to make the number largest 
        if (s >= 9) 
        { 
            res[i] = 9; 
            s -= 9; 
        } 
  
        // If remaining sum becomes less than 9, then 
        // fill the remaining sum 
        else
        { 
            res[i] = s; 
            s = 0; 
        } 
    } 
  
    cout << "Largest number is "; 
    for (int i=0; i<m; i++) 
        cout << res[i]; 
} 
  
// Driver code 
int main() 
{ 
    int s = 9, m = 2; 
    findLargest(m, s); 
    return 0; 
} 

Java

// Java program to find the largest number that can be 
// formed from given sum of digits and number of digits 
  
class GFG  
{ 
    // Function to print the largest possible number with digit sum 's' 
    // and 'm' number of digits 
    static void findLargest(int m, int s) 
    { 
        // If sum of digits is 0, then a number is possible 
        // only if number of digits is 1 
        if (s == 0) 
        { 
            System.out.print(m == 1 ? "Largest number is 0" : "Not possible");  
              
            return ; 
        } 
   
        // Sum greater than the maximum possible sum 
        if (s > 9*m) 
        { 
            System.out.println("Not possible"); 
            return ; 
        } 
   
        // Create an array to store digits of result 
        int[] res = new int[m]; 
   
        // Fill from most significant digit to least 
        // significant digit 
        for (int i=0; i<m; i++) 
        { 
            // Fill 9 first to make the number largest 
            if (s >= 9) 
            { 
                res[i] = 9; 
                s -= 9; 
            } 
   
            // If remaining sum becomes less than 9, then 
            // fill the remaining sum 
            else
            { 
                res[i] = s; 
                s = 0; 
            } 
        } 
   
        System.out.print("Largest number is "); 
        for (int i=0; i<m; i++) 
            System.out.print(res[i]); 
    } 
      
    // driver program 
    public static void main (String[] args)  
    { 
        int s = 9, m = 2; 
        findLargest(m, s); 
    } 
} 
  
// Contributed by Pramod Kumar 

Python3

# Python 3 program to find 
# the largest number that  
# can be formed from given 
# sum of digits and number 
# of digits. 
  
  
# Prints the smalles  
# possible number with digit  
# sum 's' and 'm' number of 
# digits. 
def findLargest( m, s) : 
  
    # If sum of digits is 0, 
    # then a nuber is possible 
    # only if number of digits 
    # is 1. 
    if (s == 0) : 
      
        if(m == 1) : 
            print("Largest number is " , "0",end = "")  
        else : 
            print("Not possible",end = "") 
      
        return
  
    # Sum greater than the  
    # maximum possible sum. 
    if (s > 9 * m) : 
        print("Not possible",end = "") 
        return
      
    # Create an array to  
    # store digits of 
    # result 
    res = [0] * m 
  
    # Fill from most significant 
    # digit to least significant 
    # digit. 
    for i in range(0, m) : 
          
        # Fill 9 first to make 
        # the number largest 
        if (s >= 9) : 
            res[i] = 9
            s = s - 9
          
        # If remaining sum  
        # becomes less than  
        # 9, then fill the  
        # remaining sum 
        else : 
            res[i] = s 
            s = 0
          
          
    print( "Largest number is ",end = "") 
      
    for i in range(0, m) : 
        print(res[i],end = "") 
  
# Driver code 
s = 9
m = 2
findLargest(m, s) 
  
# This code is contributed by Nikita Tiwari. 

C#

// C# program to find the  
// largest number that can  
// be formed from given sum  
// of digits and number of digits 
using System; 
  
class GFG 
{ 
      
    // Function to print the   
    // largest possible number  
    // with digit sum 's' and  
    // 'm' number of digits 
    static void findLargest(int m, int s) 
    { 
        // If sum of digits is 0,  
        // then a number is possible  
        // only if number of digits is 1 
        if (s == 0) 
        { 
            Console.Write(m == 1 ?  
                   "Largest number is 0" :  
                          "Not possible");  
              
            return ; 
        } 
  
        // Sum greater than the 
        // maximum possible sum 
        if (s > 9 * m) 
        { 
            Console.WriteLine("Not possible"); 
            return ; 
        } 
  
        // Create an array to  
        // store digits of result 
        int []res = new int[m]; 
  
        // Fill from most significant  
        // digit to least significant digit 
        for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) 
        { 
            // Fill 9 first to make 
            // the number largest 
            if (s >= 9) 
            { 
                res[i] = 9; 
                s -= 9; 
            } 
  
            // If remaining sum becomes  
            // less than 9, then 
            // fill the remaining sum 
            else
            { 
                res[i] = s; 
                s = 0; 
            } 
        } 
  
        Console.Write("Largest number is "); 
        for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) 
            Console.Write(res[i]); 
    } 
      
    // Driver Code 
    static public void Main () 
    { 
        int s = 9, m = 2; 
        findLargest(m, s); 
    } 
} 
  
// This code is Contributed by ajit 

PHP

<?php 
// PHP program to find the largest  
// number that can be formed from  
// given sum of digits and number  
// of digits. 
  
// Prints the smalles possible  
// number with digit sum 's'  
// and 'm' number of digits. 
function findLargest($m, $s) 
{ 
    // If sum of digits is 0, then  
    // a number is possible only if 
    // number of digits is 1. 
    if ($s == 0) 
    { 
        if(($m == 1) == true) 
            echo "Largest number is " , 0; 
        else
            echo "Not possible"; 
        return ; 
    } 
  
    // Sum greater than the 
    // maximum possible sum. 
    if ($s > 9 * $m) 
    { 
        echo "Not possible"; 
        return ; 
    } 
  
    // Create an array to store  
    // digits of result Fill from  
    // most significant digit to  
    // least significant digit. 
    for ($i = 0; $i < $m; $i++) 
    { 
        // Fill 9 first to make 
        // the number largest 
        if ($s >= 9) 
        { 
            $res[$i] = 9; 
            $s -= 9; 
        } 
  
        // If remaining sum becomes  
        // less than 9, then fill  
        // the remaining sum 
        else
        { 
            $res[$i] = $s; 
            $s = 0; 
        } 
    } 
  
    echo "Largest number is "; 
    for ($i = 0; $i < $m; $i++) 
        echo $res[$i]; 
} 
  
// Driver code 
$s = 9; $m = 2; 
findLargest($m, $s); 
  
// This code is contributed by m_kit  
?> 

Output :

Largest number is 90

Time Complexity of this solution is O(m).

This article is contributed by Vaibhav Agarwal. If you like GeeksforGeeks and would like to contribute, you can also write an article and mail your article to contribute@geeksforgeeks.org. See your article appearing on the GeeksforGeeks main page and help other Geeks.

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My Personal Notes

Recommended: Please solve it on “PRACTICE ” first, before moving on to the solution.

C++

Java

Python3

C#

PHP

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