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Find elements having at least K times the minimum frequency

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Given an array A, the task is to find elements with the occurrence at least K times the frequency of the least occurring element in the array.

Examples:

Input: A = {4, 4, 3, 6, 6, 6, 8, 9}, K = 2
Output: {4, 6}
Explanation:  Frequency Table : {4:2, 3:1, 6:3, 8:1, 9:1},  
least occurring elements in nums are 8 and 9 with occurrence of 1. 
The elements required with 2 times of minimum occurrence i.e. 2 
are 4 and 6. As 4 is occurring 2 times and 6 is occurring 3 times.

Input: A = {3, 3}, K = 4
Output: {}

Approach: The idea is as mentioned below:  

Store the frequency of each element and find the minimum frequency and then for each frequency check whether (K * min frequency) is less than or equal to the current frequency.

Follow the below steps to solve the problem:

  • Store all the elements of the array in a map/hash table with their frequency
  • Iterate over the elements of the map and find the minimum frequency.
  • Now, find the elements which occur more than K times this minimum occurrence.

Below is the implementation of this approach:

C++




// C++ code to implement this approach
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
 
void nums_with_least_occurrence(vector<int> A, int K)
{
    // create an unordered map for storing the occurrences of
    // elements of array
    unordered_map<int, int> ump;
 
    // iterate over nums array and store occurrences in map
    for (int i : A)
        ump[i]++;
 
    // find minimum occurrence in map
    int mini_occurrence = INT_MAX;
    for (auto m : ump) {
        if (m.second < mini_occurrence)
            mini_occurrence = m.second;
    }
 
    // create an vector to store elements occurring greater than 2
    // times than least occurrence
    vector<int> ans;
 
    // iterate through map and check for elements whose
    // occurrence is greater than equal 2 times than least
    // occurrence
    for (auto m : ump) {
        if (m.second >= (K * mini_occurrence)) {
            ans.push_back(m.first);
        }
    }
 
    if (ans.size() == 0)
        cout << "No elements found";
    else {
        for (int i : ans)
            cout << i << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    vector<int> A{ 4, 4, 3, 6, 6, 6, 8, 9 };
    int K = 2;
    nums_with_least_occurrence(A, K);
    return 0;
}


Java




// Java code to implement this approach
import java.util.*;
 
class GFG {
    public static void nums_with_least_occurrence(int A[], int K)
    {
        // create an unordered map for storing the
        // occurrences of elements of array
        Map<Integer, Integer> hashmp
            = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
 
        // iterate over nums array and store occurrences in
        // map
        for (int i = 0; i < A.length; i++) {
            if (hashmp.containsKey(A[i])) {
                hashmp.put(A[i],
                           hashmp.get(A[i]) + 1);
            }
            else {
                hashmp.put(A[i], 1);
            }
        }
 
        // find minimum occurrence in map
        int mini_occurrence = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
        for (Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> entry :
             hashmp.entrySet()) {
            if (entry.getValue() < mini_occurrence)
                mini_occurrence = entry.getValue();
        }
 
        // create an array to store elements greater than 2
        // times than least occurrence
        ArrayList<Integer> ans = new ArrayList<Integer>();
 
        // iterate through map and check for elements whose
        // occurrence is greater than equal 2 times than
        // least occurrence
        for (Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> entry :
             hashmp.entrySet()) {
            if (entry.getValue() >= K * mini_occurrence)
                ans.add(entry.getKey());
        }
 
        if (ans.isEmpty())
            System.out.println("No elements found");
        else {
            for (int i = 0; i < ans.size(); i++)
                System.out.print(ans.get(i) + " ");
        }
        System.out.println();
    }
 
    // Driver Code
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int[] A = { 4, 4, 3, 6, 6, 6, 8, 9 };
        int K = 2;
        nums_with_least_occurrence(A, K);
    }
}


Python3




# Python code to implement this approach
import math
 
def nums_with_least_occurrence(A, K):
     
    # create an unordered map for storing the occurrences of
    # elements of array
    mp = {}
 
    # iterate over nums array and store occurrences in map
    for i in A:
        if i not in mp:
            mp[i] = 1
        else:
            mp[i] += 1
 
    # find minimum occurrence in map
    mini_occurrence = math.inf
    for v in mp.values():
        if v < mini_occurrrence:
            mini_occurrence = v
 
    # create an vector to store elements greater than 2
    # times than least occurrence
    ans = []
 
    # iterate through map and check for elements whose
    # occurrence is greater than equal 2 times than least
    # occurrence
    for k, v in mp.items():
       # print(v, 2 * mini_occurrence)
        if v >= K * mini_occurrence:
            ans.append(k)
 
    if len(ans) == 0:
        print("No elements found")
    else:
        for i in ans:
            print(i, end =" ")
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == "__main__":
    A = [4, 4, 3, 6, 6, 6, 8, 9]
    K = 2
    nums_with_least_occurrence(A, 2)


C#




// C# code to implement this approach
 
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
 
public class GFG {
 
    static void nums_with_least_occurrence(int[] A, int K)
    {
        Dictionary<int, int> hashmp
            = new Dictionary<int, int>();
        for (int i = 0; i < A.Length; i++) {
            if (hashmp.ContainsKey(A[i])) {
                hashmp[A[i]] += 1;
            }
            else {
                hashmp.Add(A[i], 1);
            }
        }
 
        int mini_occurence = Int32.MaxValue;
        foreach(KeyValuePair<int, int> entry in hashmp)
        {
            if (entry.Value < mini_occurence) {
                mini_occurence = entry.Value;
            }
        }
 
        var ans = new ArrayList();
        foreach(KeyValuePair<int, int> entry in hashmp)
        {
            if (entry.Value >= K * mini_occurence) {
                ans.Add(entry.Key);
            }
        }
 
        if (ans.Count == 0) {
            Console.WriteLine("No elements found");
        }
        else {
            foreach(var i in ans)
            {
                Console.Write(i + " ");
            }
        }
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
 
    static public void Main()
    {
 
        // Code
        int[] A = { 4, 4, 3, 6, 6, 6, 8, 9 };
        int K = 2;
        nums_with_least_occurrence(A, K);
    }
}
 
/* Note : The output you may see when you run the code will
 * be 4, 6 because in the input array 4 comes before 6
 * and hence the dictionary will store them in order only.
 */
 
// This code is contributed by lokeshmvs21.


Javascript




// JavaScript code to implement this approach
function nums_with_least_occurrence( A,  K)
{
 
    // create an unordered map for storing the occurrences of
    // elements of array
    let ump ={};
 
    // iterate over nums array and store occurrences in map
    for (let i of A)
    {
      if(ump.hasOwnProperty(i))
      ump[i]++;
      else ump[i]=1;
    }
 
    // find minimum occurrence in map
    let mini_occurrence = 1e9+7;
    for (let key in ump) {
        if (ump[key] < mini_occurrence)
            mini_occurrence = ump[key];
    }
 
    // create an vector to store elements occurring greater than 2
    // times than least occurrence
    let ans = [];
 
    // iterate through map and check for elements whose
    // occurrence is greater than equal 2 times than least
    // occurrence
    for (let key in ump) {
        if (ump[key] >= (K * mini_occurrence)) {
            ans.push(key);
        }
    }
 
    if (ans.length === 0)
        console.log("No elements found");
    else {
        console.log(ans);
    }
     
}
 
// Driver Code
    let A = [ 4, 4, 3, 6, 6, 6, 8, 9 ];
    let K = 2;
    nums_with_least_occurrence(A, K);
  
// This code is contributed by Ishankhandelwals.


Output

6 4 

Time complexity: O(N)
Auxiliary Space: O(N)



Last Updated : 05 Sep, 2022
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