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Draw a Polygon between specified points in R Programming – polygon() Function

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polygon() function in R Language is used to plot a polygon between specified points in an existing plot.

Syntax: polygon(x_coordinates, y_coordinates) Parameters : x_coordinates, y_coordinates: x, y coordinates of plot to draw polygon Returns: a polygon in a given plot

Example 1: Draw a Square Polygon in an R Plot 

r




# R program to draw a polygon
 
# Draw an empty plot
plot(2, 2, col = "white", xlab = "X", ylab = "Y") 
 
# Draw a polygon
polygon(x = c(2.7, 2.3, 2.2, 2.8),  # X-Coordinates of polygon
        y = c(2.6, 2.8, 2.4, 2),    # Y-Coordinates of polygon
        col = "darkgreen")


Output: Example 2: Color borders of polygon 

r




# R program to draw a polygon
 
# Draw empty plot
plot(2, 2, col = "white", xlab = "X", ylab = "Y")
 
# Draw a polygon
polygon(x = c(2.7, 2.3, 2.2, 2.8),  # X-Coordinates of polygon
        y = c(2.6, 2.8, 2.4, 2),    # Y-Coordinates of polygon
        col = "darkgreen",          # Color of polygon
        border = "red",             # Color of polygon border
        lwd = 8)                    # Thickness of border


Output:

Here, border specifies the border color and lwd specifies the border thickness.

Example 3: Draw frequency polygon 

r




# R program to draw a polygon
 
# X values for frequency polygon
x1 <- 1:10                         
 
# Y values for frequency polygon
y1 <- c(2, 4, 7, 4, 5, 8, 6, 6, 1, 2) 
 
# Plot frequency polygon
plot(x1, y1,                                      
     type = "l",     # Set line type to line
     lwd = 4)         # Thickness of line
      
# X-Y-Coordinates of polygon
polygon(c(1, x1, 10), c(0, y1, 0),         
        col = "darkgreen")   # Color of polygon
 
# Add squares to frequency polygon
points(x1, y1,                         
       cex = 1,    # Size of squares                            
       pch = 12) 
       segments(x1, 0, x1, y1) 


Output: Example 4: Draw polygon below density 

r




# R program to draw a polygon
 
# Set seed for reproducibility
set.seed(15000)     
 
# Sample size
N <- 1000            
 
# Draw random poisson distribution
x1 <- rpois(N, 2)                          
plot(density(x1),    # Draw density plot
     main = "",      # No main title
     xlab = "x1")    # Set name of x-axis to x2
      
# X-Coordinates of polygon
polygon(c(min(density(x1)$x), density(x1)$x),          
        c(0, density(x1)$y),     # Y-Coordinates of polygon
        col = "darkgreen")       # Color of polygon


Output:

Here, above example is used to make Probability density function.

Example : 

R




# Define the x and y coordinates of the polygon vertices
x <- c(1, 3, 4, 2)
y <- c(1, 2, 4, 3)
 
# Plot the polygon
plot(x, y, type = "n") # type = "n" to create an empty plot
polygon(x, y, col = "blue")


output :

 



Last Updated : 11 Apr, 2023
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