Divide array in two maximum equal length arrays of similar and dissimilar elements

Given an array arr of natural numbers up to n, find the maximum size for which array arr can be divided into two equal-sized arrays, such that the first array contains all same elements while the second array contains all distinct elements.

Examples:

Input :n = 8, arr[] ={7, 3, 7, 1, 7, 7}
Output :
Maximum size is : 3
arr1[] ={7, 7, 7}
arr2[] ={1, 3, 7}
Explanation :
It is possible to construct two arrays of size 3.
The first array is [7, 7, 7] and the second array is [1, 3, 7].

Input : n = 7, arr[] ={1, 2, 1, 5, 1, 6, 7, 2}
Output :
Maximum size is : 3
arr1[] ={1, 1, 1}
arr2[] ={2, 5, 6}

Approach:

To solve the problem mentioned above the main idea is to use hashing to find the frequency of every element present in the array.

Find the element with maximum frequency present in the array arr[] using hash vector v.
Find the total unqiue elements present in array arr[].
There are two cases for the element with maximum frequency: the maximum frequency element will go to the first array then the sizes of array are at most diff1 – 1 and max1 correspondingly. Otherwise, at least one element of maximum frequency goes to the second array and the sizes are at most diff1 and max1 ? 1 correspondingly. Then find the max-size to which array can be splitted as max(min(diff1 ? 1, max1), min(diff1, max1 ? 1)).
Find the first array of similar elements using max_size and element with maximum frequency max1.
Find the second array of unique elements using max_size and hash vector v.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

// C++ program to find the max-size to which 
// an array can be divided into 2 equal parts 
// such that one part contains unique elements  
// while another contains similar elements 
#include <bits/stdc++.h> 
using namespace std; 
  
// Function to find the max-size to which an array 
// can be divided into 2 equal parts 
void Solve(int arr[], int size, int n) 
{ 
  
    vector<int> v(n + 1); 
  
    // Vector to find the frequency of 
    // each element of array 
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) 
        v[arr[i]]++; 
  
    // Find the maximum frequency 
    // element present in array arr[] 
    int max1 = (max_element(v.begin(), v.end())  
                                       - v.begin()); 
  
    // Find total unique elements 
    // present in array arr[] 
    int diff1 = n + 1 - count(v.begin(), v.end(), 0); 
  
    // Find the Max-Size to which 
    // an array arr[] can be splitted 
    int max_size = max(min(v[max1] - 1, diff1),  
                            min(v[max1], diff1 - 1)); 
  
    cout << "Maximum size is :" << max_size << "\n"; 
  
    // Find the first array 
    // containing same elements 
    cout << "The First Array Is : \n"; 
    for (int i = 0; i < max_size; i++) { 
        cout << max1 << " "; 
        v[max1] -= 1; 
    } 
  
    cout << "\n"; 
  
    // Find the second array 
    // containing unique elements 
    cout << "The Second Array Is : \n"; 
    for (int i = 0; i < (n + 1); i++) { 
        if (v[i] > 0) { 
            cout << i << " "; 
            max_size--; 
        } 
        if (max_size < 1) 
            break; 
    } 
  
    cout << "\n"; 
} 
  
// Driver code 
int main() 
{ 
    // initialise n 
    int n = 7; 
  
    // array declaration 
    int arr[] = { 1, 2, 1, 5, 1, 6, 7, 2 }; 
  
    // size of array 
    int size = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]); 
  
    Solve(arr, size, n); 
  
    return 0; 
} 

Output:

Maximum size is :3
The First Array Is : 
1 1 1 
The Second Array Is : 
2 5 6

Time Commplexity :O(N)

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