| Operating System is a system software. |
Kernel is system software which is part of operating system. |
| Operating System provides interface between user and hardware. |
Kernel provides interface between applications and hardware. |
| It also provides protection and security. |
It’s main purpose is memory management, disk management, process management and task management. |
| An operating system is a complete software package that includes a kernel and other system-level components such as device drivers, system libraries, and utilities. |
The kernel, on the other hand, is the core of the operating system that manages system resources, such as the CPU, memory, and I/O devices. |
| the operating system provides a higher-level interface to the user, such as the GUI, command-line interface, and file system. |
The kernel provides low-level services, such as memory management, process management, and device management, to other parts of the operating system |
| the operating system is a more complex system that includes a large number of components. |
The kernel is a relatively small and simple component of the operating system, |
| the operating system provides a more general-purpose interface that can be used on a wide range of hardware platforms. |
The kernel is often customized for specific hardware platforms or applications, |
| The operating system is designed to be portable across different hardware platforms, |
the kernel is often platform-specific. |
| All system needs operating system to run. |
All operating systems need kernel to run. |
| Type of operating system includes single and multiuser OS, multiprocessor OS, Realtime OS, Distributed OS. |
Type of kernel includes Monolithic and Micro kernel. |
| It is the first program to load when computer boots up. |
It is the first program to load when operating system loads. |